Live Monitoring

Accountability Activity Feed

Scan recent movement across tracked reform bills, linked future-bill concepts, and the legislators attached to them. This page is built for browsing the latest activity without having to jump between multiple sections first.

Tracked Actions

128

Every dated or fallback action in the current feed.

Updated Ideas

5

Future-bill concepts with recent linked movement.

Bills With Scorecards

12

Ideas that already connect to legislator dossiers.

Linked Legislators

25

Distinct scorecard profiles referenced in the activity stream.

Critical Priority

5

Critical future-bill concepts currently tracked.

Recently Updated Ideas

The fastest way to see which reform concepts have new legislative movement underneath them.

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Browse Activity

Filter the activity stream by priority, chamber, or accountability coverage, then sort by recency or scorecard density.

Showing 128 of 128 tracked actions.

Legislative Movement

Federal Black Maternal Health Equity Act

Healthcare • Critical • Idea

Action Date

Mar 18, 2026

CriticalHouseIn CommitteeH.R. 7973

Latest Action

Introduced in House

Tracked Bill

To end preventable maternal mortality, severe maternal morbidity, and maternal health disparities in the United States, and for other purposes.

H.R. 7973 • 119th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 204Scorecards: 204Explainers: 1

Legislative Movement

Federal Black Maternal Health Equity Act

Healthcare • Critical • Idea

Action Date

Mar 18, 2026

CriticalHouseIn CommitteeH.R. 7973

Latest Action

Introduced in House

Tracked Bill

To end preventable maternal mortality, severe maternal morbidity, and maternal health disparities in the United States, and for other purposes.

H.R. 7973 • 119th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 204Scorecards: 204Explainers: 1

Legislative Movement

Federal Black Maternal Health Equity Act

Healthcare • Critical • Idea

Action Date

Mar 18, 2026

CriticalHouseIn CommitteeH.R. 7973

Latest Action

Referred to the Committee on Energy and Commerce, and in addition to the Committees on Education and Workforce, Veterans' Affairs, Natural Resources, and the Judiciary, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned.

Tracked Bill

To end preventable maternal mortality, severe maternal morbidity, and maternal health disparities in the United States, and for other purposes.

H.R. 7973 • 119th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 204Scorecards: 204Explainers: 1

Legislative Movement

Federal Black Maternal Health Equity Act

Healthcare • Critical • Idea

Action Date

Mar 18, 2026

CriticalHouseIn CommitteeH.R. 7973

Latest Action

Referred to the Committee on Energy and Commerce, and in addition to the Committees on Education and Workforce, Veterans' Affairs, Natural Resources, and the Judiciary, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned.

Tracked Bill

To end preventable maternal mortality, severe maternal morbidity, and maternal health disparities in the United States, and for other purposes.

H.R. 7973 • 119th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 204Scorecards: 204Explainers: 1

Legislative Movement

Federal Black Maternal Health Equity Act

Healthcare • Critical • Idea

Action Date

Mar 18, 2026

CriticalHouseIn CommitteeH.R. 7973

Latest Action

Referred to the Committee on Energy and Commerce, and in addition to the Committees on Education and Workforce, Veterans' Affairs, Natural Resources, and the Judiciary, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned.

Tracked Bill

To end preventable maternal mortality, severe maternal morbidity, and maternal health disparities in the United States, and for other purposes.

H.R. 7973 • 119th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 204Scorecards: 204Explainers: 1

Legislative Movement

Federal Black Maternal Health Equity Act

Healthcare • Critical • Idea

Action Date

Mar 18, 2026

CriticalHouseIn CommitteeH.R. 7973

Latest Action

Referred to the Committee on Energy and Commerce, and in addition to the Committees on Education and Workforce, Veterans' Affairs, Natural Resources, and the Judiciary, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned.

Tracked Bill

To end preventable maternal mortality, severe maternal morbidity, and maternal health disparities in the United States, and for other purposes.

H.R. 7973 • 119th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 204Scorecards: 204Explainers: 1

Legislative Movement

Federal Black Maternal Health Equity Act

Healthcare • Critical • Idea

Action Date

Mar 18, 2026

CriticalHouseIn CommitteeH.R. 7973

Latest Action

Referred to the Committee on Energy and Commerce, and in addition to the Committees on Education and Workforce, Veterans' Affairs, Natural Resources, and the Judiciary, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned.

Tracked Bill

To end preventable maternal mortality, severe maternal morbidity, and maternal health disparities in the United States, and for other purposes.

H.R. 7973 • 119th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 204Scorecards: 204Explainers: 1

Legislative Movement

HBCU Capital and Research Equity Act

Education • High • Idea

Action Date

Feb 24, 2026

HighHouseIn CommitteeH.R. 7660

Latest Action

Introduced in House

Tracked Bill

HBCU Empowerment and Reform Act

H.R. 7660 • 119th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 1Scorecards: 49Explainers: 3

Legislative Movement

HBCU Capital and Research Equity Act

Education • High • Idea

Action Date

Feb 24, 2026

HighHouseIn CommitteeH.R. 7660

Latest Action

Introduced in House

Tracked Bill

HBCU Empowerment and Reform Act

H.R. 7660 • 119th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 1Scorecards: 49Explainers: 3

Legislative Movement

HBCU Capital and Research Equity Act

Education • High • Idea

Action Date

Feb 24, 2026

HighHouseIn CommitteeH.R. 7660

Latest Action

Referred to the House Committee on Education and Workforce.

Tracked Bill

HBCU Empowerment and Reform Act

H.R. 7660 • 119th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 1Scorecards: 49Explainers: 3

Legislative Movement

Black Homeownership and Appraisal Fairness Act

Housing • High • Idea

Action Date

Nov 7, 2025

HighHouseIn CommitteeH.R. 5975

Latest Action

Introduced in House

Tracked Bill

Appraisal Modernization Act

H.R. 5975 • 119th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 1Scorecards: 9Explainers: 4

Legislative Movement

Black Homeownership and Appraisal Fairness Act

Housing • High • Idea

Action Date

Nov 7, 2025

HighHouseIn CommitteeH.R. 5975

Latest Action

Introduced in House

Tracked Bill

Appraisal Modernization Act

H.R. 5975 • 119th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 1Scorecards: 9Explainers: 4

Legislative Movement

Black Homeownership and Appraisal Fairness Act

Housing • High • Idea

Action Date

Nov 7, 2025

HighHouseIn CommitteeH.R. 5975

Latest Action

Referred to the Committee on Financial Services, and in addition to the Committee on Rules, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned.

Tracked Bill

Appraisal Modernization Act

H.R. 5975 • 119th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 1Scorecards: 9Explainers: 4

Legislative Movement

Black Homeownership and Appraisal Fairness Act

Housing • High • Idea

Action Date

Nov 7, 2025

HighHouseIn CommitteeH.R. 5975

Latest Action

Referred to the Committee on Financial Services, and in addition to the Committee on Rules, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned.

Tracked Bill

Appraisal Modernization Act

H.R. 5975 • 119th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 1Scorecards: 9Explainers: 4

Legislative Movement

John Lewis Voting Access Restoration Act

Voting Rights • Critical • Idea

Action Date

Jul 29, 2025

CriticalSenateIn CommitteeS. 2523

Latest Action

Read twice and referred to the Committee on the Judiciary. (text: CR S4821)

Tracked Bill

John R. Lewis Voting Rights Advancement Act of 2025

S. 2523 • 119th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 47Scorecards: 267Explainers: 3

Legislative Movement

Black Homeownership and Appraisal Fairness Act

Housing • High • Idea

Action Date

Jul 17, 2025

HighSenateIn CommitteeS. 2322

Latest Action

Read twice and referred to the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs.

Tracked Bill

Appraisal Modernization Act

S. 2322 • 119th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 8Scorecards: 9Explainers: 4

Legislative Movement

Redlining Reparations and Homeownership Equity Act

Housing • Critical • Idea

Action Date

Jun 23, 2025

CriticalHouseIn CommitteeH.R. 4069

Latest Action

Referred to the House Committee on Financial Services.

Tracked Bill

Downpayment Toward Equity Act of 2025

H.R. 4069 • 119th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 22Scorecards: 141Explainers: 1

Legislative Movement

HBCU Capital and Research Equity Act

Education • High • Idea

Action Date

May 8, 2025

HighHouseIn CommitteeH.R. 3281

Latest Action

Introduced in House

Tracked Bill

To prohibit the reduction, elimination, or suspension of funding for land-grant colleges and universities.

H.R. 3281 • 119th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 18Scorecards: 49Explainers: 3

Legislative Movement

HBCU Capital and Research Equity Act

Education • High • Idea

Action Date

May 8, 2025

HighHouseIn CommitteeH.R. 3281

Latest Action

Introduced in House

Tracked Bill

To prohibit the reduction, elimination, or suspension of funding for land-grant colleges and universities.

H.R. 3281 • 119th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 18Scorecards: 49Explainers: 3

Legislative Movement

HBCU Capital and Research Equity Act

Education • High • Idea

Action Date

May 8, 2025

HighHouseIn CommitteeH.R. 3281

Latest Action

Referred to the Committee on Agriculture, and in addition to the Committee on Education and Workforce, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned.

Tracked Bill

To prohibit the reduction, elimination, or suspension of funding for land-grant colleges and universities.

H.R. 3281 • 119th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 18Scorecards: 49Explainers: 3

Legislative Movement

HBCU Capital and Research Equity Act

Education • High • Idea

Action Date

May 8, 2025

HighHouseIn CommitteeH.R. 3281

Latest Action

Referred to the Committee on Agriculture, and in addition to the Committee on Education and Workforce, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned.

Tracked Bill

To prohibit the reduction, elimination, or suspension of funding for land-grant colleges and universities.

H.R. 3281 • 119th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 18Scorecards: 49Explainers: 3

Legislative Movement

HBCU Capital and Research Equity Act

Education • High • Idea

Action Date

Apr 7, 2025

HighHouseIn CommitteeH.R. 2664

Latest Action

Introduced in House

Tracked Bill

To amend the Higher Education Act of 1965 to provide for additional uses of funds for grants to strengthen historically Black colleges and universities, and for other purposes.

H.R. 2664 • 119th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 18Scorecards: 49Explainers: 3

Legislative Movement

HBCU Capital and Research Equity Act

Education • High • Idea

Action Date

Apr 7, 2025

HighHouseIn CommitteeH.R. 2664

Latest Action

Introduced in House

Tracked Bill

To amend the Higher Education Act of 1965 to provide for additional uses of funds for grants to strengthen historically Black colleges and universities, and for other purposes.

H.R. 2664 • 119th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 18Scorecards: 49Explainers: 3

Legislative Movement

HBCU Capital and Research Equity Act

Education • High • Idea

Action Date

Apr 7, 2025

HighHouseIn CommitteeH.R. 2664

Latest Action

Referred to the House Committee on Education and Workforce.

Tracked Bill

To amend the Higher Education Act of 1965 to provide for additional uses of funds for grants to strengthen historically Black colleges and universities, and for other purposes.

H.R. 2664 • 119th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 18Scorecards: 49Explainers: 3

Legislative Movement

John Lewis Voting Access Restoration Act

Voting Rights • Critical • Idea

Action Date

Mar 5, 2025

CriticalHouseIn CommitteeH.R. 14

Latest Action

Introduced in House

John R. Lewis Voting Rights Advancement Act of 2025 This bill establishes new criteria for determining which states and political subdivisions must obtain preclearance before changes to voting practices may take effect. Preclearance is the process of receiving preapproval from the Department of Justice (DOJ) or the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia before making legal changes that would affect voting rights. A state and all of its political subdivisions shall be subject to preclearance of voting practice changes for a 10-year period if, during the previous 25 years: 15 or more voting rights violations occurred in the state; 10 or more violations occurred, at least 1 of which was committed by the state itself; or 3 or more violations occurred and the state administers the elections. A political subdivision as a separate unit shall also be subject to preclearance for a 10-year period if three or more voting rights violations occurred there during the previous 25 years. States and political subdivisions that meet certain thresholds regarding minority groups must preclear covered practices before implementation, such as redistricting. States and political subdivisions must notify the public of changes to voting practices. The bill authorizes DOJ to require states or political subdivisions to provide certain documents or answers to questions for enforcing voting rights. The bill outlines factors courts must consider when hearing challenges to voting practices, such as the extent of any history of official voting discrimination in the state or political subdivision.

Tracked Bill

John R. Lewis Voting Rights Advancement Act of 2025

H.R. 14 • 119th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 220Scorecards: 267Explainers: 3

Legislative Movement

John Lewis Voting Access Restoration Act

Voting Rights • Critical • Idea

Action Date

Mar 5, 2025

CriticalHouseIn CommitteeH.R. 14

Latest Action

Introduced in House

John R. Lewis Voting Rights Advancement Act of 2025 This bill establishes new criteria for determining which states and political subdivisions must obtain preclearance before changes to voting practices may take effect. Preclearance is the process of receiving preapproval from the Department of Justice (DOJ) or the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia before making legal changes that would affect voting rights. A state and all of its political subdivisions shall be subject to preclearance of voting practice changes for a 10-year period if, during the previous 25 years: 15 or more voting rights violations occurred in the state; 10 or more violations occurred, at least 1 of which was committed by the state itself; or 3 or more violations occurred and the state administers the elections. A political subdivision as a separate unit shall also be subject to preclearance for a 10-year period if three or more voting rights violations occurred there during the previous 25 years. States and political subdivisions that meet certain thresholds regarding minority groups must preclear covered practices before implementation, such as redistricting. States and political subdivisions must notify the public of changes to voting practices. The bill authorizes DOJ to require states or political subdivisions to provide certain documents or answers to questions for enforcing voting rights. The bill outlines factors courts must consider when hearing challenges to voting practices, such as the extent of any history of official voting discrimination in the state or political subdivision.

Tracked Bill

John R. Lewis Voting Rights Advancement Act of 2025

H.R. 14 • 119th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 220Scorecards: 267Explainers: 3

Legislative Movement

John Lewis Voting Access Restoration Act

Voting Rights • Critical • Idea

Action Date

Mar 5, 2025

CriticalHouseIn CommitteeH.R. 14

Latest Action

Referred to the House Committee on the Judiciary.

John R. Lewis Voting Rights Advancement Act of 2025 This bill establishes new criteria for determining which states and political subdivisions must obtain preclearance before changes to voting practices may take effect. Preclearance is the process of receiving preapproval from the Department of Justice (DOJ) or the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia before making legal changes that would affect voting rights. A state and all of its political subdivisions shall be subject to preclearance of voting practice changes for a 10-year period if, during the previous 25 years: 15 or more voting rights violations occurred in the state; 10 or more violations occurred, at least 1 of which was committed by the state itself; or 3 or more violations occurred and the state administers the elections. A political subdivision as a separate unit shall also be subject to preclearance for a 10-year period if three or more voting rights violations occurred there during the previous 25 years. States and political subdivisions that meet certain thresholds regarding minority groups must preclear covered practices before implementation, such as redistricting. States and political subdivisions must notify the public of changes to voting practices. The bill authorizes DOJ to require states or political subdivisions to provide certain documents or answers to questions for enforcing voting rights. The bill outlines factors courts must consider when hearing challenges to voting practices, such as the extent of any history of official voting discrimination in the state or political subdivision.

Tracked Bill

John R. Lewis Voting Rights Advancement Act of 2025

H.R. 14 • 119th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 220Scorecards: 267Explainers: 3

Legislative Movement

Redlining Reparations and Homeownership Equity Act

Housing • Critical • Idea

Action Date

Jan 16, 2025

CriticalSenateIn CommitteeS. 120

Latest Action

Introduced in Senate

Disaster Housing Reform for American Families Act This bill requires the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) to establish a five-year pilot program under the Individuals and Households Program (IHP) through which FEMA contracts to provide factory-built housing to serve disaster survivors until the disaster declaration terminates and then be utilized for affordable housing. It also authorizes FEMA to provide IHP grants for closing costs associated with obtaining certain mortgages.  Specifically, FEMA must enter into a contract with a producer or seller of manufactured or modular homes to construct such housing as a type of temporary housing assistance under IHP. The bill requires the housing to meet specified criteria, including that it must be available within 90 days (unless extended to 120 days) after the disaster declaration, have no more than four units, and provide a minimum level of protection from natural hazards. The housing must conform to various specified standards, but the bill authorizes the Department of Housing and Urban Development to waive any such requirement for construction under the pilot program. Also, the bill requires FEMA to establish guidelines for transferring the housing to an affordable housing program after the termination of the relevant disaster declaration. However, the bill also authorizes it to become permanent housing after the declaration terminates. In addition, the bill authorizes FEMA to provide IHP grants to disaster-impacted individuals or households purchasing residential property for closing costs associated with obtaining a mortgage from a federal program providing affordable financing options.

Tracked Bill

Disaster Housing Reform for American Families Act

S. 120 • 119th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 3Scorecards: 141Explainers: 1

Legislative Movement

Redlining Reparations and Homeownership Equity Act

Housing • Critical • Idea

Action Date

Jan 16, 2025

CriticalSenateIn CommitteeS. 120

Latest Action

Read twice and referred to the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs.

Disaster Housing Reform for American Families Act This bill requires the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) to establish a five-year pilot program under the Individuals and Households Program (IHP) through which FEMA contracts to provide factory-built housing to serve disaster survivors until the disaster declaration terminates and then be utilized for affordable housing. It also authorizes FEMA to provide IHP grants for closing costs associated with obtaining certain mortgages.  Specifically, FEMA must enter into a contract with a producer or seller of manufactured or modular homes to construct such housing as a type of temporary housing assistance under IHP. The bill requires the housing to meet specified criteria, including that it must be available within 90 days (unless extended to 120 days) after the disaster declaration, have no more than four units, and provide a minimum level of protection from natural hazards. The housing must conform to various specified standards, but the bill authorizes the Department of Housing and Urban Development to waive any such requirement for construction under the pilot program. Also, the bill requires FEMA to establish guidelines for transferring the housing to an affordable housing program after the termination of the relevant disaster declaration. However, the bill also authorizes it to become permanent housing after the declaration terminates. In addition, the bill authorizes FEMA to provide IHP grants to disaster-impacted individuals or households purchasing residential property for closing costs associated with obtaining a mortgage from a federal program providing affordable financing options.

Tracked Bill

Disaster Housing Reform for American Families Act

S. 120 • 119th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 3Scorecards: 141Explainers: 1

Legislative Movement

Black Health Equity and Reparative Investment Act

Healthcare • High • Idea

Action Date

May 19, 2023

HighHouseIn CommitteeH.R. 3305

Latest Action

Referred to the Subcommittee on Health.

Black Maternal Health Momnibus Act This bill directs multi-agency efforts to improve maternal health with a particular focus on racial and ethnic minority groups, veterans, and other vulnerable populations. The Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) must address the social determinants of maternal health (i.e., child care, housing, and other nonmedical factors that affect health outcomes). HHS and other departments must also carry out other actions to increase access to maternal health care and otherwise improve maternal health, such as growing and diversifying the maternal health workforce; establishing various grants and other programs, including ones related to maternal health disparities and maternal behavioral health; testing alternative payment models for perinatal care in Medicaid and the Children's Health Insurance Program (CHIP); addressing maternal health during public health emergencies; and supporting training, technology, and telehealth initiatives. The bill further provides for extended postpartum and breastfeeding eligibility for the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children; increased research and data collection on maternal health indicators; activities to mitigate adverse maternal health outcomes associated with climate change; and expanded public education to improve maternal vaccination rates. The bill also addresses maternal health for incarcerated populations. For example, it (1) requires the Bureau of Prisons and the Department of Justice to establish programs to improve maternity care; and (2) reduces grants for criminal justice activities unless the recipient state or territory has a law to limit the use of restraints during pregnancy for incarcerated populations.

Tracked Bill

Black Maternal Health Momnibus Act

H.R. 3305 • 118th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 195Scorecards: 195Explainers: 1

Legislative Movement

Black Health Equity and Reparative Investment Act

Healthcare • High • Idea

Action Date

May 15, 2023

HighHouseIn CommitteeH.R. 3305

Latest Action

Introduced in House

Black Maternal Health Momnibus Act This bill directs multi-agency efforts to improve maternal health with a particular focus on racial and ethnic minority groups, veterans, and other vulnerable populations. The Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) must address the social determinants of maternal health (i.e., child care, housing, and other nonmedical factors that affect health outcomes). HHS and other departments must also carry out other actions to increase access to maternal health care and otherwise improve maternal health, such as growing and diversifying the maternal health workforce; establishing various grants and other programs, including ones related to maternal health disparities and maternal behavioral health; testing alternative payment models for perinatal care in Medicaid and the Children's Health Insurance Program (CHIP); addressing maternal health during public health emergencies; and supporting training, technology, and telehealth initiatives. The bill further provides for extended postpartum and breastfeeding eligibility for the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children; increased research and data collection on maternal health indicators; activities to mitigate adverse maternal health outcomes associated with climate change; and expanded public education to improve maternal vaccination rates. The bill also addresses maternal health for incarcerated populations. For example, it (1) requires the Bureau of Prisons and the Department of Justice to establish programs to improve maternity care; and (2) reduces grants for criminal justice activities unless the recipient state or territory has a law to limit the use of restraints during pregnancy for incarcerated populations.

Tracked Bill

Black Maternal Health Momnibus Act

H.R. 3305 • 118th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 195Scorecards: 195Explainers: 1

Legislative Movement

Black Health Equity and Reparative Investment Act

Healthcare • High • Idea

Action Date

May 15, 2023

HighHouseIn CommitteeH.R. 3305

Latest Action

Introduced in House

Black Maternal Health Momnibus Act This bill directs multi-agency efforts to improve maternal health with a particular focus on racial and ethnic minority groups, veterans, and other vulnerable populations. The Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) must address the social determinants of maternal health (i.e., child care, housing, and other nonmedical factors that affect health outcomes). HHS and other departments must also carry out other actions to increase access to maternal health care and otherwise improve maternal health, such as growing and diversifying the maternal health workforce; establishing various grants and other programs, including ones related to maternal health disparities and maternal behavioral health; testing alternative payment models for perinatal care in Medicaid and the Children's Health Insurance Program (CHIP); addressing maternal health during public health emergencies; and supporting training, technology, and telehealth initiatives. The bill further provides for extended postpartum and breastfeeding eligibility for the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children; increased research and data collection on maternal health indicators; activities to mitigate adverse maternal health outcomes associated with climate change; and expanded public education to improve maternal vaccination rates. The bill also addresses maternal health for incarcerated populations. For example, it (1) requires the Bureau of Prisons and the Department of Justice to establish programs to improve maternity care; and (2) reduces grants for criminal justice activities unless the recipient state or territory has a law to limit the use of restraints during pregnancy for incarcerated populations.

Tracked Bill

Black Maternal Health Momnibus Act

H.R. 3305 • 118th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 195Scorecards: 195Explainers: 1

Legislative Movement

Black Health Equity and Reparative Investment Act

Healthcare • High • Idea

Action Date

May 15, 2023

HighHouseIn CommitteeH.R. 3305

Latest Action

Referred to the Committee on Energy and Commerce, and in addition to the Committees on Education and the Workforce, Veterans' Affairs, Natural Resources, and the Judiciary, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned.

Black Maternal Health Momnibus Act This bill directs multi-agency efforts to improve maternal health with a particular focus on racial and ethnic minority groups, veterans, and other vulnerable populations. The Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) must address the social determinants of maternal health (i.e., child care, housing, and other nonmedical factors that affect health outcomes). HHS and other departments must also carry out other actions to increase access to maternal health care and otherwise improve maternal health, such as growing and diversifying the maternal health workforce; establishing various grants and other programs, including ones related to maternal health disparities and maternal behavioral health; testing alternative payment models for perinatal care in Medicaid and the Children's Health Insurance Program (CHIP); addressing maternal health during public health emergencies; and supporting training, technology, and telehealth initiatives. The bill further provides for extended postpartum and breastfeeding eligibility for the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children; increased research and data collection on maternal health indicators; activities to mitigate adverse maternal health outcomes associated with climate change; and expanded public education to improve maternal vaccination rates. The bill also addresses maternal health for incarcerated populations. For example, it (1) requires the Bureau of Prisons and the Department of Justice to establish programs to improve maternity care; and (2) reduces grants for criminal justice activities unless the recipient state or territory has a law to limit the use of restraints during pregnancy for incarcerated populations.

Tracked Bill

Black Maternal Health Momnibus Act

H.R. 3305 • 118th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 195Scorecards: 195Explainers: 1

Legislative Movement

Black Health Equity and Reparative Investment Act

Healthcare • High • Idea

Action Date

May 15, 2023

HighHouseIn CommitteeH.R. 3305

Latest Action

Referred to the Committee on Energy and Commerce, and in addition to the Committees on Education and the Workforce, Veterans' Affairs, Natural Resources, and the Judiciary, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned.

Black Maternal Health Momnibus Act This bill directs multi-agency efforts to improve maternal health with a particular focus on racial and ethnic minority groups, veterans, and other vulnerable populations. The Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) must address the social determinants of maternal health (i.e., child care, housing, and other nonmedical factors that affect health outcomes). HHS and other departments must also carry out other actions to increase access to maternal health care and otherwise improve maternal health, such as growing and diversifying the maternal health workforce; establishing various grants and other programs, including ones related to maternal health disparities and maternal behavioral health; testing alternative payment models for perinatal care in Medicaid and the Children's Health Insurance Program (CHIP); addressing maternal health during public health emergencies; and supporting training, technology, and telehealth initiatives. The bill further provides for extended postpartum and breastfeeding eligibility for the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children; increased research and data collection on maternal health indicators; activities to mitigate adverse maternal health outcomes associated with climate change; and expanded public education to improve maternal vaccination rates. The bill also addresses maternal health for incarcerated populations. For example, it (1) requires the Bureau of Prisons and the Department of Justice to establish programs to improve maternity care; and (2) reduces grants for criminal justice activities unless the recipient state or territory has a law to limit the use of restraints during pregnancy for incarcerated populations.

Tracked Bill

Black Maternal Health Momnibus Act

H.R. 3305 • 118th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 195Scorecards: 195Explainers: 1

Legislative Movement

Black Health Equity and Reparative Investment Act

Healthcare • High • Idea

Action Date

May 15, 2023

HighHouseIn CommitteeH.R. 3305

Latest Action

Referred to the Committee on Energy and Commerce, and in addition to the Committees on Education and the Workforce, Veterans' Affairs, Natural Resources, and the Judiciary, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned.

Black Maternal Health Momnibus Act This bill directs multi-agency efforts to improve maternal health with a particular focus on racial and ethnic minority groups, veterans, and other vulnerable populations. The Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) must address the social determinants of maternal health (i.e., child care, housing, and other nonmedical factors that affect health outcomes). HHS and other departments must also carry out other actions to increase access to maternal health care and otherwise improve maternal health, such as growing and diversifying the maternal health workforce; establishing various grants and other programs, including ones related to maternal health disparities and maternal behavioral health; testing alternative payment models for perinatal care in Medicaid and the Children's Health Insurance Program (CHIP); addressing maternal health during public health emergencies; and supporting training, technology, and telehealth initiatives. The bill further provides for extended postpartum and breastfeeding eligibility for the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children; increased research and data collection on maternal health indicators; activities to mitigate adverse maternal health outcomes associated with climate change; and expanded public education to improve maternal vaccination rates. The bill also addresses maternal health for incarcerated populations. For example, it (1) requires the Bureau of Prisons and the Department of Justice to establish programs to improve maternity care; and (2) reduces grants for criminal justice activities unless the recipient state or territory has a law to limit the use of restraints during pregnancy for incarcerated populations.

Tracked Bill

Black Maternal Health Momnibus Act

H.R. 3305 • 118th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 195Scorecards: 195Explainers: 1

Legislative Movement

Black Health Equity and Reparative Investment Act

Healthcare • High • Idea

Action Date

May 15, 2023

HighHouseIn CommitteeH.R. 3305

Latest Action

Referred to the Committee on Energy and Commerce, and in addition to the Committees on Education and the Workforce, Veterans' Affairs, Natural Resources, and the Judiciary, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned.

Black Maternal Health Momnibus Act This bill directs multi-agency efforts to improve maternal health with a particular focus on racial and ethnic minority groups, veterans, and other vulnerable populations. The Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) must address the social determinants of maternal health (i.e., child care, housing, and other nonmedical factors that affect health outcomes). HHS and other departments must also carry out other actions to increase access to maternal health care and otherwise improve maternal health, such as growing and diversifying the maternal health workforce; establishing various grants and other programs, including ones related to maternal health disparities and maternal behavioral health; testing alternative payment models for perinatal care in Medicaid and the Children's Health Insurance Program (CHIP); addressing maternal health during public health emergencies; and supporting training, technology, and telehealth initiatives. The bill further provides for extended postpartum and breastfeeding eligibility for the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children; increased research and data collection on maternal health indicators; activities to mitigate adverse maternal health outcomes associated with climate change; and expanded public education to improve maternal vaccination rates. The bill also addresses maternal health for incarcerated populations. For example, it (1) requires the Bureau of Prisons and the Department of Justice to establish programs to improve maternity care; and (2) reduces grants for criminal justice activities unless the recipient state or territory has a law to limit the use of restraints during pregnancy for incarcerated populations.

Tracked Bill

Black Maternal Health Momnibus Act

H.R. 3305 • 118th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 195Scorecards: 195Explainers: 1

Legislative Movement

Black Health Equity and Reparative Investment Act

Healthcare • High • Idea

Action Date

May 15, 2023

HighHouseIn CommitteeH.R. 3305

Latest Action

Referred to the Committee on Energy and Commerce, and in addition to the Committees on Education and the Workforce, Veterans' Affairs, Natural Resources, and the Judiciary, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned.

Black Maternal Health Momnibus Act This bill directs multi-agency efforts to improve maternal health with a particular focus on racial and ethnic minority groups, veterans, and other vulnerable populations. The Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) must address the social determinants of maternal health (i.e., child care, housing, and other nonmedical factors that affect health outcomes). HHS and other departments must also carry out other actions to increase access to maternal health care and otherwise improve maternal health, such as growing and diversifying the maternal health workforce; establishing various grants and other programs, including ones related to maternal health disparities and maternal behavioral health; testing alternative payment models for perinatal care in Medicaid and the Children's Health Insurance Program (CHIP); addressing maternal health during public health emergencies; and supporting training, technology, and telehealth initiatives. The bill further provides for extended postpartum and breastfeeding eligibility for the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children; increased research and data collection on maternal health indicators; activities to mitigate adverse maternal health outcomes associated with climate change; and expanded public education to improve maternal vaccination rates. The bill also addresses maternal health for incarcerated populations. For example, it (1) requires the Bureau of Prisons and the Department of Justice to establish programs to improve maternity care; and (2) reduces grants for criminal justice activities unless the recipient state or territory has a law to limit the use of restraints during pregnancy for incarcerated populations.

Tracked Bill

Black Maternal Health Momnibus Act

H.R. 3305 • 118th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 195Scorecards: 195Explainers: 1

Legislative Movement

Black Wealth Restoration and Baby Bonds Act

Economic Justice • High • Idea

Action Date

Feb 14, 2023

HighHouseIn CommitteeH.R. 1041

Latest Action

Introduced in House

American Opportunity Accounts Act This bill establishes tax-exempt American Opportunity Accounts to provide children at birth with a $1,000 savings account with annual contributions up to $2,000 depending on family income. The accounts are available to children at age 18 for specified purposes, including educational expenses, home ownership, and investment that provides long-term returns.

Tracked Bill

American Opportunity Accounts Act

H.R. 1041 • 118th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 34Scorecards: 34Explainers: 3

Legislative Movement

Black Wealth Restoration and Baby Bonds Act

Economic Justice • High • Idea

Action Date

Feb 14, 2023

HighHouseIn CommitteeH.R. 1041

Latest Action

Introduced in House

American Opportunity Accounts Act This bill establishes tax-exempt American Opportunity Accounts to provide children at birth with a $1,000 savings account with annual contributions up to $2,000 depending on family income. The accounts are available to children at age 18 for specified purposes, including educational expenses, home ownership, and investment that provides long-term returns.

Tracked Bill

American Opportunity Accounts Act

H.R. 1041 • 118th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 34Scorecards: 34Explainers: 3

Legislative Movement

Black Wealth Restoration and Baby Bonds Act

Economic Justice • High • Idea

Action Date

Feb 14, 2023

HighHouseIn CommitteeH.R. 1041

Latest Action

Referred to the House Committee on Ways and Means.

American Opportunity Accounts Act This bill establishes tax-exempt American Opportunity Accounts to provide children at birth with a $1,000 savings account with annual contributions up to $2,000 depending on family income. The accounts are available to children at age 18 for specified purposes, including educational expenses, home ownership, and investment that provides long-term returns.

Tracked Bill

American Opportunity Accounts Act

H.R. 1041 • 118th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 34Scorecards: 34Explainers: 3

Legislative Movement

Commission to Study and Develop Reparation Proposals for African Americans Act

Economic Justice • Critical • Idea

Action Date

Jan 9, 2023

CriticalHouseIn CommitteeH.R. 40

Latest Action

Introduced in House

Commission to Study and Develop Reparation Proposals for African Americans Act This bill establishes the Commission to Study and Develop Reparation Proposals for African Americans. The commission must (1) compile documentary evidence of slavery in the United States; (2) study the role of the federal and state governments in supporting the institution of slavery; (3) analyze discriminatory laws and policies against freed African slaves and their descendants; and (4) recommend ways the United States may recognize and remedy the effects of slavery and discrimination on African Americans, including through a formal apology and compensation (i.e., reparations). The commission consists of individuals from civil society and reparations organizations and individuals appointed by the President and congressional leadership; Members of Congress and governmental employees may not serve on the commission. The commission may hold hearings, subpoena witnesses and records, and contract with other entities to conduct its work. The commission must submit its final report within 18 months of its first meeting.

Tracked Bill

Commission to Study and Develop Reparation Proposals for African Americans Act

H.R. 40 • 118th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 131Scorecards: 131Explainers: 0

Legislative Movement

Commission to Study and Develop Reparation Proposals for African Americans Act

Economic Justice • Critical • Idea

Action Date

Jan 9, 2023

CriticalHouseIn CommitteeH.R. 40

Latest Action

Introduced in House

Commission to Study and Develop Reparation Proposals for African Americans Act This bill establishes the Commission to Study and Develop Reparation Proposals for African Americans. The commission must (1) compile documentary evidence of slavery in the United States; (2) study the role of the federal and state governments in supporting the institution of slavery; (3) analyze discriminatory laws and policies against freed African slaves and their descendants; and (4) recommend ways the United States may recognize and remedy the effects of slavery and discrimination on African Americans, including through a formal apology and compensation (i.e., reparations). The commission consists of individuals from civil society and reparations organizations and individuals appointed by the President and congressional leadership; Members of Congress and governmental employees may not serve on the commission. The commission may hold hearings, subpoena witnesses and records, and contract with other entities to conduct its work. The commission must submit its final report within 18 months of its first meeting.

Tracked Bill

Commission to Study and Develop Reparation Proposals for African Americans Act

H.R. 40 • 118th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 131Scorecards: 131Explainers: 0

Legislative Movement

Commission to Study and Develop Reparation Proposals for African Americans Act

Economic Justice • Critical • Idea

Action Date

Jan 9, 2023

CriticalHouseIn CommitteeH.R. 40

Latest Action

Sponsor introductory remarks on measure. (CR H96)

Commission to Study and Develop Reparation Proposals for African Americans Act This bill establishes the Commission to Study and Develop Reparation Proposals for African Americans. The commission must (1) compile documentary evidence of slavery in the United States; (2) study the role of the federal and state governments in supporting the institution of slavery; (3) analyze discriminatory laws and policies against freed African slaves and their descendants; and (4) recommend ways the United States may recognize and remedy the effects of slavery and discrimination on African Americans, including through a formal apology and compensation (i.e., reparations). The commission consists of individuals from civil society and reparations organizations and individuals appointed by the President and congressional leadership; Members of Congress and governmental employees may not serve on the commission. The commission may hold hearings, subpoena witnesses and records, and contract with other entities to conduct its work. The commission must submit its final report within 18 months of its first meeting.

Tracked Bill

Commission to Study and Develop Reparation Proposals for African Americans Act

H.R. 40 • 118th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 131Scorecards: 131Explainers: 0

Legislative Movement

Commission to Study and Develop Reparation Proposals for African Americans Act

Economic Justice • Critical • Idea

Action Date

Jan 9, 2023

CriticalHouseIn CommitteeH.R. 40

Latest Action

Referred to the House Committee on the Judiciary.

Commission to Study and Develop Reparation Proposals for African Americans Act This bill establishes the Commission to Study and Develop Reparation Proposals for African Americans. The commission must (1) compile documentary evidence of slavery in the United States; (2) study the role of the federal and state governments in supporting the institution of slavery; (3) analyze discriminatory laws and policies against freed African slaves and their descendants; and (4) recommend ways the United States may recognize and remedy the effects of slavery and discrimination on African Americans, including through a formal apology and compensation (i.e., reparations). The commission consists of individuals from civil society and reparations organizations and individuals appointed by the President and congressional leadership; Members of Congress and governmental employees may not serve on the commission. The commission may hold hearings, subpoena witnesses and records, and contract with other entities to conduct its work. The commission must submit its final report within 18 months of its first meeting.

Tracked Bill

Commission to Study and Develop Reparation Proposals for African Americans Act

H.R. 40 • 118th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 131Scorecards: 131Explainers: 0

Legislative Movement

Federal Reparations Direct Compensation Act

Economic Justice • Critical • Idea

Action Date

Jan 9, 2023

CriticalHouseIn CommitteeH.R. 40

Latest Action

Introduced in House

Commission to Study and Develop Reparation Proposals for African Americans Act This bill establishes the Commission to Study and Develop Reparation Proposals for African Americans. The commission must (1) compile documentary evidence of slavery in the United States; (2) study the role of the federal and state governments in supporting the institution of slavery; (3) analyze discriminatory laws and policies against freed African slaves and their descendants; and (4) recommend ways the United States may recognize and remedy the effects of slavery and discrimination on African Americans, including through a formal apology and compensation (i.e., reparations). The commission consists of individuals from civil society and reparations organizations and individuals appointed by the President and congressional leadership; Members of Congress and governmental employees may not serve on the commission. The commission may hold hearings, subpoena witnesses and records, and contract with other entities to conduct its work. The commission must submit its final report within 18 months of its first meeting.

Tracked Bill

Commission to Study and Develop Reparation Proposals for African Americans Act

H.R. 40 • 118th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 131Scorecards: 131Explainers: 2

Legislative Movement

Federal Reparations Direct Compensation Act

Economic Justice • Critical • Idea

Action Date

Jan 9, 2023

CriticalHouseIn CommitteeH.R. 40

Latest Action

Introduced in House

Commission to Study and Develop Reparation Proposals for African Americans Act This bill establishes the Commission to Study and Develop Reparation Proposals for African Americans. The commission must (1) compile documentary evidence of slavery in the United States; (2) study the role of the federal and state governments in supporting the institution of slavery; (3) analyze discriminatory laws and policies against freed African slaves and their descendants; and (4) recommend ways the United States may recognize and remedy the effects of slavery and discrimination on African Americans, including through a formal apology and compensation (i.e., reparations). The commission consists of individuals from civil society and reparations organizations and individuals appointed by the President and congressional leadership; Members of Congress and governmental employees may not serve on the commission. The commission may hold hearings, subpoena witnesses and records, and contract with other entities to conduct its work. The commission must submit its final report within 18 months of its first meeting.

Tracked Bill

Commission to Study and Develop Reparation Proposals for African Americans Act

H.R. 40 • 118th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 131Scorecards: 131Explainers: 2

Legislative Movement

Federal Reparations Direct Compensation Act

Economic Justice • Critical • Idea

Action Date

Jan 9, 2023

CriticalHouseIn CommitteeH.R. 40

Latest Action

Sponsor introductory remarks on measure. (CR H96)

Commission to Study and Develop Reparation Proposals for African Americans Act This bill establishes the Commission to Study and Develop Reparation Proposals for African Americans. The commission must (1) compile documentary evidence of slavery in the United States; (2) study the role of the federal and state governments in supporting the institution of slavery; (3) analyze discriminatory laws and policies against freed African slaves and their descendants; and (4) recommend ways the United States may recognize and remedy the effects of slavery and discrimination on African Americans, including through a formal apology and compensation (i.e., reparations). The commission consists of individuals from civil society and reparations organizations and individuals appointed by the President and congressional leadership; Members of Congress and governmental employees may not serve on the commission. The commission may hold hearings, subpoena witnesses and records, and contract with other entities to conduct its work. The commission must submit its final report within 18 months of its first meeting.

Tracked Bill

Commission to Study and Develop Reparation Proposals for African Americans Act

H.R. 40 • 118th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 131Scorecards: 131Explainers: 2

Legislative Movement

Federal Reparations Direct Compensation Act

Economic Justice • Critical • Idea

Action Date

Jan 9, 2023

CriticalHouseIn CommitteeH.R. 40

Latest Action

Referred to the House Committee on the Judiciary.

Commission to Study and Develop Reparation Proposals for African Americans Act This bill establishes the Commission to Study and Develop Reparation Proposals for African Americans. The commission must (1) compile documentary evidence of slavery in the United States; (2) study the role of the federal and state governments in supporting the institution of slavery; (3) analyze discriminatory laws and policies against freed African slaves and their descendants; and (4) recommend ways the United States may recognize and remedy the effects of slavery and discrimination on African Americans, including through a formal apology and compensation (i.e., reparations). The commission consists of individuals from civil society and reparations organizations and individuals appointed by the President and congressional leadership; Members of Congress and governmental employees may not serve on the commission. The commission may hold hearings, subpoena witnesses and records, and contract with other entities to conduct its work. The commission must submit its final report within 18 months of its first meeting.

Tracked Bill

Commission to Study and Develop Reparation Proposals for African Americans Act

H.R. 40 • 118th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 131Scorecards: 131Explainers: 2

Legislative Movement

Redlining Reparations and Homeownership Equity Act

Housing • Critical • Idea

Action Date

Jan 9, 2023

CriticalHouseIn CommitteeH.R. 40

Latest Action

Introduced in House

Commission to Study and Develop Reparation Proposals for African Americans Act This bill establishes the Commission to Study and Develop Reparation Proposals for African Americans. The commission must (1) compile documentary evidence of slavery in the United States; (2) study the role of the federal and state governments in supporting the institution of slavery; (3) analyze discriminatory laws and policies against freed African slaves and their descendants; and (4) recommend ways the United States may recognize and remedy the effects of slavery and discrimination on African Americans, including through a formal apology and compensation (i.e., reparations). The commission consists of individuals from civil society and reparations organizations and individuals appointed by the President and congressional leadership; Members of Congress and governmental employees may not serve on the commission. The commission may hold hearings, subpoena witnesses and records, and contract with other entities to conduct its work. The commission must submit its final report within 18 months of its first meeting.

Tracked Bill

Commission to Study and Develop Reparation Proposals for African Americans Act

H.R. 40 • 118th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 131Scorecards: 141Explainers: 1

Legislative Movement

Redlining Reparations and Homeownership Equity Act

Housing • Critical • Idea

Action Date

Jan 9, 2023

CriticalHouseIn CommitteeH.R. 40

Latest Action

Introduced in House

Commission to Study and Develop Reparation Proposals for African Americans Act This bill establishes the Commission to Study and Develop Reparation Proposals for African Americans. The commission must (1) compile documentary evidence of slavery in the United States; (2) study the role of the federal and state governments in supporting the institution of slavery; (3) analyze discriminatory laws and policies against freed African slaves and their descendants; and (4) recommend ways the United States may recognize and remedy the effects of slavery and discrimination on African Americans, including through a formal apology and compensation (i.e., reparations). The commission consists of individuals from civil society and reparations organizations and individuals appointed by the President and congressional leadership; Members of Congress and governmental employees may not serve on the commission. The commission may hold hearings, subpoena witnesses and records, and contract with other entities to conduct its work. The commission must submit its final report within 18 months of its first meeting.

Tracked Bill

Commission to Study and Develop Reparation Proposals for African Americans Act

H.R. 40 • 118th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 131Scorecards: 141Explainers: 1

Legislative Movement

Redlining Reparations and Homeownership Equity Act

Housing • Critical • Idea

Action Date

Jan 9, 2023

CriticalHouseIn CommitteeH.R. 40

Latest Action

Sponsor introductory remarks on measure. (CR H96)

Commission to Study and Develop Reparation Proposals for African Americans Act This bill establishes the Commission to Study and Develop Reparation Proposals for African Americans. The commission must (1) compile documentary evidence of slavery in the United States; (2) study the role of the federal and state governments in supporting the institution of slavery; (3) analyze discriminatory laws and policies against freed African slaves and their descendants; and (4) recommend ways the United States may recognize and remedy the effects of slavery and discrimination on African Americans, including through a formal apology and compensation (i.e., reparations). The commission consists of individuals from civil society and reparations organizations and individuals appointed by the President and congressional leadership; Members of Congress and governmental employees may not serve on the commission. The commission may hold hearings, subpoena witnesses and records, and contract with other entities to conduct its work. The commission must submit its final report within 18 months of its first meeting.

Tracked Bill

Commission to Study and Develop Reparation Proposals for African Americans Act

H.R. 40 • 118th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 131Scorecards: 141Explainers: 1

Legislative Movement

Redlining Reparations and Homeownership Equity Act

Housing • Critical • Idea

Action Date

Jan 9, 2023

CriticalHouseIn CommitteeH.R. 40

Latest Action

Referred to the House Committee on the Judiciary.

Commission to Study and Develop Reparation Proposals for African Americans Act This bill establishes the Commission to Study and Develop Reparation Proposals for African Americans. The commission must (1) compile documentary evidence of slavery in the United States; (2) study the role of the federal and state governments in supporting the institution of slavery; (3) analyze discriminatory laws and policies against freed African slaves and their descendants; and (4) recommend ways the United States may recognize and remedy the effects of slavery and discrimination on African Americans, including through a formal apology and compensation (i.e., reparations). The commission consists of individuals from civil society and reparations organizations and individuals appointed by the President and congressional leadership; Members of Congress and governmental employees may not serve on the commission. The commission may hold hearings, subpoena witnesses and records, and contract with other entities to conduct its work. The commission must submit its final report within 18 months of its first meeting.

Tracked Bill

Commission to Study and Develop Reparation Proposals for African Americans Act

H.R. 40 • 118th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 131Scorecards: 141Explainers: 1

Legislative Movement

Black Business Equity and Capital Access Act

Economic Justice • High • Idea

Action Date

Dec 17, 2021

HighSenateIntroducedS. 2068

Latest Action

Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. Reported by Senator Cantwell with an amendment in the nature of a substitute. Without written report.

Minority Business Development Act of 2021 This bill permanently authorizes the Minority Business Development Agency (MBDA), requires the MBDA to promote and administer programs that assist the development of minority business enterprises (MBEs), and establishes the Minority Business Enterprises Advisory Council to advise and assist the MBDA. Specifically, the bill requires the MBDA to (1) provide assistance to MBEs in domestic and foreign markets by making available specified resources, (2) promote the position of MBEs in local economies, and (3) collect data on the causes of MBE success or failure and research how economic conditions affect the development of MBEs. The bill establishes formal processes for the MBDA Business Center Program and the MBDA Rural Business Center Program through which business centers provide programs and services to support MBEs. The bill also establishes new initiatives to promote economic resiliency for minority businesses, including (1) an annual forum to review problems and programs relating to capital formation by MBEs, (2) a study and report on alternative financing solutions for MBEs, and (3) entrepreneurship education grants for certain institutions of higher education to develop and implement entrepreneurship curricula. Further, the bill establishes grants for certain nonprofit organizations that provide services to MBEs as one of their primary activities. The bill authorizes the MBDA to coordinate federal government programs and operations that affect the establishment, preservation, and strengthening of socially or economically disadvantaged businesses. The Government Accountability Office must report on the programs carried out pursuant to the bill.

Tracked Bill

Minority Business Development Act of 2021

S. 2068 • 117th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 6Scorecards: 6Explainers: 2

Legislative Movement

Black Business Equity and Capital Access Act

Economic Justice • High • Idea

Action Date

Dec 17, 2021

HighSenateIntroducedS. 2068

Latest Action

Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. Reported by Senator Cantwell with an amendment in the nature of a substitute. Without written report.

Minority Business Development Act of 2021 This bill permanently authorizes the Minority Business Development Agency (MBDA), requires the MBDA to promote and administer programs that assist the development of minority business enterprises (MBEs), and establishes the Minority Business Enterprises Advisory Council to advise and assist the MBDA. Specifically, the bill requires the MBDA to (1) provide assistance to MBEs in domestic and foreign markets by making available specified resources, (2) promote the position of MBEs in local economies, and (3) collect data on the causes of MBE success or failure and research how economic conditions affect the development of MBEs. The bill establishes formal processes for the MBDA Business Center Program and the MBDA Rural Business Center Program through which business centers provide programs and services to support MBEs. The bill also establishes new initiatives to promote economic resiliency for minority businesses, including (1) an annual forum to review problems and programs relating to capital formation by MBEs, (2) a study and report on alternative financing solutions for MBEs, and (3) entrepreneurship education grants for certain institutions of higher education to develop and implement entrepreneurship curricula. Further, the bill establishes grants for certain nonprofit organizations that provide services to MBEs as one of their primary activities. The bill authorizes the MBDA to coordinate federal government programs and operations that affect the establishment, preservation, and strengthening of socially or economically disadvantaged businesses. The Government Accountability Office must report on the programs carried out pursuant to the bill.

Tracked Bill

Minority Business Development Act of 2021

S. 2068 • 117th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 6Scorecards: 6Explainers: 2

Legislative Movement

Black Business Equity and Capital Access Act

Economic Justice • High • Idea

Action Date

Dec 17, 2021

HighSenateIntroducedS. 2068

Latest Action

Placed on Senate Legislative Calendar under General Orders. Calendar No. 228.

Minority Business Development Act of 2021 This bill permanently authorizes the Minority Business Development Agency (MBDA), requires the MBDA to promote and administer programs that assist the development of minority business enterprises (MBEs), and establishes the Minority Business Enterprises Advisory Council to advise and assist the MBDA. Specifically, the bill requires the MBDA to (1) provide assistance to MBEs in domestic and foreign markets by making available specified resources, (2) promote the position of MBEs in local economies, and (3) collect data on the causes of MBE success or failure and research how economic conditions affect the development of MBEs. The bill establishes formal processes for the MBDA Business Center Program and the MBDA Rural Business Center Program through which business centers provide programs and services to support MBEs. The bill also establishes new initiatives to promote economic resiliency for minority businesses, including (1) an annual forum to review problems and programs relating to capital formation by MBEs, (2) a study and report on alternative financing solutions for MBEs, and (3) entrepreneurship education grants for certain institutions of higher education to develop and implement entrepreneurship curricula. Further, the bill establishes grants for certain nonprofit organizations that provide services to MBEs as one of their primary activities. The bill authorizes the MBDA to coordinate federal government programs and operations that affect the establishment, preservation, and strengthening of socially or economically disadvantaged businesses. The Government Accountability Office must report on the programs carried out pursuant to the bill.

Tracked Bill

Minority Business Development Act of 2021

S. 2068 • 117th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 6Scorecards: 6Explainers: 2

Legislative Movement

HBCU Capital and Research Equity Act

Education • High • Idea

Action Date

Dec 17, 2021

HighSenateIntroducedS. 2068

Latest Action

Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. Reported by Senator Cantwell with an amendment in the nature of a substitute. Without written report.

Minority Business Development Act of 2021 This bill permanently authorizes the Minority Business Development Agency (MBDA), requires the MBDA to promote and administer programs that assist the development of minority business enterprises (MBEs), and establishes the Minority Business Enterprises Advisory Council to advise and assist the MBDA. Specifically, the bill requires the MBDA to (1) provide assistance to MBEs in domestic and foreign markets by making available specified resources, (2) promote the position of MBEs in local economies, and (3) collect data on the causes of MBE success or failure and research how economic conditions affect the development of MBEs. The bill establishes formal processes for the MBDA Business Center Program and the MBDA Rural Business Center Program through which business centers provide programs and services to support MBEs. The bill also establishes new initiatives to promote economic resiliency for minority businesses, including (1) an annual forum to review problems and programs relating to capital formation by MBEs, (2) a study and report on alternative financing solutions for MBEs, and (3) entrepreneurship education grants for certain institutions of higher education to develop and implement entrepreneurship curricula. Further, the bill establishes grants for certain nonprofit organizations that provide services to MBEs as one of their primary activities. The bill authorizes the MBDA to coordinate federal government programs and operations that affect the establishment, preservation, and strengthening of socially or economically disadvantaged businesses. The Government Accountability Office must report on the programs carried out pursuant to the bill.

Tracked Bill

Minority Business Development Act of 2021

S. 2068 • 117th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 6Scorecards: 49Explainers: 3

Legislative Movement

HBCU Capital and Research Equity Act

Education • High • Idea

Action Date

Dec 17, 2021

HighSenateIntroducedS. 2068

Latest Action

Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. Reported by Senator Cantwell with an amendment in the nature of a substitute. Without written report.

Minority Business Development Act of 2021 This bill permanently authorizes the Minority Business Development Agency (MBDA), requires the MBDA to promote and administer programs that assist the development of minority business enterprises (MBEs), and establishes the Minority Business Enterprises Advisory Council to advise and assist the MBDA. Specifically, the bill requires the MBDA to (1) provide assistance to MBEs in domestic and foreign markets by making available specified resources, (2) promote the position of MBEs in local economies, and (3) collect data on the causes of MBE success or failure and research how economic conditions affect the development of MBEs. The bill establishes formal processes for the MBDA Business Center Program and the MBDA Rural Business Center Program through which business centers provide programs and services to support MBEs. The bill also establishes new initiatives to promote economic resiliency for minority businesses, including (1) an annual forum to review problems and programs relating to capital formation by MBEs, (2) a study and report on alternative financing solutions for MBEs, and (3) entrepreneurship education grants for certain institutions of higher education to develop and implement entrepreneurship curricula. Further, the bill establishes grants for certain nonprofit organizations that provide services to MBEs as one of their primary activities. The bill authorizes the MBDA to coordinate federal government programs and operations that affect the establishment, preservation, and strengthening of socially or economically disadvantaged businesses. The Government Accountability Office must report on the programs carried out pursuant to the bill.

Tracked Bill

Minority Business Development Act of 2021

S. 2068 • 117th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 6Scorecards: 49Explainers: 3

Legislative Movement

HBCU Capital and Research Equity Act

Education • High • Idea

Action Date

Dec 17, 2021

HighSenateIntroducedS. 2068

Latest Action

Placed on Senate Legislative Calendar under General Orders. Calendar No. 228.

Minority Business Development Act of 2021 This bill permanently authorizes the Minority Business Development Agency (MBDA), requires the MBDA to promote and administer programs that assist the development of minority business enterprises (MBEs), and establishes the Minority Business Enterprises Advisory Council to advise and assist the MBDA. Specifically, the bill requires the MBDA to (1) provide assistance to MBEs in domestic and foreign markets by making available specified resources, (2) promote the position of MBEs in local economies, and (3) collect data on the causes of MBE success or failure and research how economic conditions affect the development of MBEs. The bill establishes formal processes for the MBDA Business Center Program and the MBDA Rural Business Center Program through which business centers provide programs and services to support MBEs. The bill also establishes new initiatives to promote economic resiliency for minority businesses, including (1) an annual forum to review problems and programs relating to capital formation by MBEs, (2) a study and report on alternative financing solutions for MBEs, and (3) entrepreneurship education grants for certain institutions of higher education to develop and implement entrepreneurship curricula. Further, the bill establishes grants for certain nonprofit organizations that provide services to MBEs as one of their primary activities. The bill authorizes the MBDA to coordinate federal government programs and operations that affect the establishment, preservation, and strengthening of socially or economically disadvantaged businesses. The Government Accountability Office must report on the programs carried out pursuant to the bill.

Tracked Bill

Minority Business Development Act of 2021

S. 2068 • 117th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 6Scorecards: 49Explainers: 3

Legislative Movement

Criminal Justice Reparations and Sentencing Equity Act

Criminal Justice • High • Idea

Action Date

Sep 29, 2021

HighHouseIn CommitteeH.R. 1693

Latest Action

Received in the Senate and Read twice and referred to the Committee on the Judiciary.

Eliminating a Quantifiably Unjust Application of the Law Act or the EQUAL Act This bill eliminates the federal sentencing disparity between drug offenses involving crack cocaine and powder cocaine. Currently, different threshold quantities of crack cocaine and powder cocaine (e.g., 28 grams of crack cocaine and 500 grams of powder cocaine) trigger the same statutory criminal penalties. This bill eliminates the lower quantity thresholds for crack cocaine offenses. Under the bill, the same threshold quantities of crack cocaine and powder cocaine trigger the same statutory criminal penalties. The change applies to future cases and cases pending on the date of enactment. With respect to past cases, the bill authorizes resentencing of a defendant who was convicted or sentenced for a crack cocaine offense before the date of enactment.

Tracked Bill

EQUAL Act of 2021

H.R. 1693 • 117th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 57Scorecards: 57Explainers: 3

Legislative Movement

Criminal Justice Reparations and Sentencing Equity Act

Criminal Justice • High • Idea

Action Date

Sep 28, 2021

HighHouseIn CommitteeH.R. 1693

Latest Action

Mr. Nadler moved to suspend the rules and pass the bill, as amended.

Eliminating a Quantifiably Unjust Application of the Law Act or the EQUAL Act This bill eliminates the federal sentencing disparity between drug offenses involving crack cocaine and powder cocaine. Currently, different threshold quantities of crack cocaine and powder cocaine (e.g., 28 grams of crack cocaine and 500 grams of powder cocaine) trigger the same statutory criminal penalties. This bill eliminates the lower quantity thresholds for crack cocaine offenses. Under the bill, the same threshold quantities of crack cocaine and powder cocaine trigger the same statutory criminal penalties. The change applies to future cases and cases pending on the date of enactment. With respect to past cases, the bill authorizes resentencing of a defendant who was convicted or sentenced for a crack cocaine offense before the date of enactment.

Tracked Bill

EQUAL Act of 2021

H.R. 1693 • 117th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 57Scorecards: 57Explainers: 3

Legislative Movement

Criminal Justice Reparations and Sentencing Equity Act

Criminal Justice • High • Idea

Action Date

Sep 28, 2021

HighHouseIn CommitteeH.R. 1693

Latest Action

Considered under suspension of the rules. (consideration: CR H5477-5481)

Eliminating a Quantifiably Unjust Application of the Law Act or the EQUAL Act This bill eliminates the federal sentencing disparity between drug offenses involving crack cocaine and powder cocaine. Currently, different threshold quantities of crack cocaine and powder cocaine (e.g., 28 grams of crack cocaine and 500 grams of powder cocaine) trigger the same statutory criminal penalties. This bill eliminates the lower quantity thresholds for crack cocaine offenses. Under the bill, the same threshold quantities of crack cocaine and powder cocaine trigger the same statutory criminal penalties. The change applies to future cases and cases pending on the date of enactment. With respect to past cases, the bill authorizes resentencing of a defendant who was convicted or sentenced for a crack cocaine offense before the date of enactment.

Tracked Bill

EQUAL Act of 2021

H.R. 1693 • 117th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 57Scorecards: 57Explainers: 3

Legislative Movement

Criminal Justice Reparations and Sentencing Equity Act

Criminal Justice • High • Idea

Action Date

Sep 28, 2021

HighHouseIn CommitteeH.R. 1693

Latest Action

DEBATE - The House proceeded with forty minutes of debate on H.R. 1693.

Eliminating a Quantifiably Unjust Application of the Law Act or the EQUAL Act This bill eliminates the federal sentencing disparity between drug offenses involving crack cocaine and powder cocaine. Currently, different threshold quantities of crack cocaine and powder cocaine (e.g., 28 grams of crack cocaine and 500 grams of powder cocaine) trigger the same statutory criminal penalties. This bill eliminates the lower quantity thresholds for crack cocaine offenses. Under the bill, the same threshold quantities of crack cocaine and powder cocaine trigger the same statutory criminal penalties. The change applies to future cases and cases pending on the date of enactment. With respect to past cases, the bill authorizes resentencing of a defendant who was convicted or sentenced for a crack cocaine offense before the date of enactment.

Tracked Bill

EQUAL Act of 2021

H.R. 1693 • 117th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 57Scorecards: 57Explainers: 3

Legislative Movement

Criminal Justice Reparations and Sentencing Equity Act

Criminal Justice • High • Idea

Action Date

Sep 28, 2021

HighHouseIn CommitteeH.R. 1693

Latest Action

At the conclusion of debate, the Yeas and Nays were demanded and ordered. Pursuant to the provisions of clause 8, rule XX, the Chair announced that further proceedings on the motion would be postponed.

Eliminating a Quantifiably Unjust Application of the Law Act or the EQUAL Act This bill eliminates the federal sentencing disparity between drug offenses involving crack cocaine and powder cocaine. Currently, different threshold quantities of crack cocaine and powder cocaine (e.g., 28 grams of crack cocaine and 500 grams of powder cocaine) trigger the same statutory criminal penalties. This bill eliminates the lower quantity thresholds for crack cocaine offenses. Under the bill, the same threshold quantities of crack cocaine and powder cocaine trigger the same statutory criminal penalties. The change applies to future cases and cases pending on the date of enactment. With respect to past cases, the bill authorizes resentencing of a defendant who was convicted or sentenced for a crack cocaine offense before the date of enactment.

Tracked Bill

EQUAL Act of 2021

H.R. 1693 • 117th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 57Scorecards: 57Explainers: 3

Legislative Movement

Criminal Justice Reparations and Sentencing Equity Act

Criminal Justice • High • Idea

Action Date

Sep 28, 2021

HighHouseIn CommitteeH.R. 1693

Latest Action

Considered as unfinished business. (consideration: CR H5492-5493)

Eliminating a Quantifiably Unjust Application of the Law Act or the EQUAL Act This bill eliminates the federal sentencing disparity between drug offenses involving crack cocaine and powder cocaine. Currently, different threshold quantities of crack cocaine and powder cocaine (e.g., 28 grams of crack cocaine and 500 grams of powder cocaine) trigger the same statutory criminal penalties. This bill eliminates the lower quantity thresholds for crack cocaine offenses. Under the bill, the same threshold quantities of crack cocaine and powder cocaine trigger the same statutory criminal penalties. The change applies to future cases and cases pending on the date of enactment. With respect to past cases, the bill authorizes resentencing of a defendant who was convicted or sentenced for a crack cocaine offense before the date of enactment.

Tracked Bill

EQUAL Act of 2021

H.R. 1693 • 117th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 57Scorecards: 57Explainers: 3

Legislative Movement

Criminal Justice Reparations and Sentencing Equity Act

Criminal Justice • High • Idea

Action Date

Sep 28, 2021

HighHouseIn CommitteeH.R. 1693

Latest Action

Passed/agreed to in House: On motion to suspend the rules and pass the bill, as amended Agreed to by the Yeas and Nays: (2/3 required): 361 - 66 (Roll no. 297).(text: CR H5477)

Eliminating a Quantifiably Unjust Application of the Law Act or the EQUAL Act This bill eliminates the federal sentencing disparity between drug offenses involving crack cocaine and powder cocaine. Currently, different threshold quantities of crack cocaine and powder cocaine (e.g., 28 grams of crack cocaine and 500 grams of powder cocaine) trigger the same statutory criminal penalties. This bill eliminates the lower quantity thresholds for crack cocaine offenses. Under the bill, the same threshold quantities of crack cocaine and powder cocaine trigger the same statutory criminal penalties. The change applies to future cases and cases pending on the date of enactment. With respect to past cases, the bill authorizes resentencing of a defendant who was convicted or sentenced for a crack cocaine offense before the date of enactment.

Tracked Bill

EQUAL Act of 2021

H.R. 1693 • 117th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 57Scorecards: 57Explainers: 3

Legislative Movement

Criminal Justice Reparations and Sentencing Equity Act

Criminal Justice • High • Idea

Action Date

Sep 28, 2021

HighHouseIn CommitteeH.R. 1693

Latest Action

On motion to suspend the rules and pass the bill, as amended Agreed to by the Yeas and Nays: (2/3 required): 361 - 66 (Roll no. 297). (text: CR H5477)

Eliminating a Quantifiably Unjust Application of the Law Act or the EQUAL Act This bill eliminates the federal sentencing disparity between drug offenses involving crack cocaine and powder cocaine. Currently, different threshold quantities of crack cocaine and powder cocaine (e.g., 28 grams of crack cocaine and 500 grams of powder cocaine) trigger the same statutory criminal penalties. This bill eliminates the lower quantity thresholds for crack cocaine offenses. Under the bill, the same threshold quantities of crack cocaine and powder cocaine trigger the same statutory criminal penalties. The change applies to future cases and cases pending on the date of enactment. With respect to past cases, the bill authorizes resentencing of a defendant who was convicted or sentenced for a crack cocaine offense before the date of enactment.

Tracked Bill

EQUAL Act of 2021

H.R. 1693 • 117th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 57Scorecards: 57Explainers: 3

Legislative Movement

Criminal Justice Reparations and Sentencing Equity Act

Criminal Justice • High • Idea

Action Date

Sep 28, 2021

HighHouseIn CommitteeH.R. 1693

Latest Action

Motion to reconsider laid on the table Agreed to without objection.

Eliminating a Quantifiably Unjust Application of the Law Act or the EQUAL Act This bill eliminates the federal sentencing disparity between drug offenses involving crack cocaine and powder cocaine. Currently, different threshold quantities of crack cocaine and powder cocaine (e.g., 28 grams of crack cocaine and 500 grams of powder cocaine) trigger the same statutory criminal penalties. This bill eliminates the lower quantity thresholds for crack cocaine offenses. Under the bill, the same threshold quantities of crack cocaine and powder cocaine trigger the same statutory criminal penalties. The change applies to future cases and cases pending on the date of enactment. With respect to past cases, the bill authorizes resentencing of a defendant who was convicted or sentenced for a crack cocaine offense before the date of enactment.

Tracked Bill

EQUAL Act of 2021

H.R. 1693 • 117th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 57Scorecards: 57Explainers: 3

Legislative Movement

Criminal Justice Reparations and Sentencing Equity Act

Criminal Justice • High • Idea

Action Date

Sep 27, 2021

HighHouseIn CommitteeH.R. 1693

Latest Action

Reported (Amended) by the Committee on Judiciary. H. Rept. 117-128, Part I.

Eliminating a Quantifiably Unjust Application of the Law Act or the EQUAL Act This bill eliminates the federal sentencing disparity between drug offenses involving crack cocaine and powder cocaine. Currently, different threshold quantities of crack cocaine and powder cocaine (e.g., 28 grams of crack cocaine and 500 grams of powder cocaine) trigger the same statutory criminal penalties. This bill eliminates the lower quantity thresholds for crack cocaine offenses. Under the bill, the same threshold quantities of crack cocaine and powder cocaine trigger the same statutory criminal penalties. The change applies to future cases and cases pending on the date of enactment. With respect to past cases, the bill authorizes resentencing of a defendant who was convicted or sentenced for a crack cocaine offense before the date of enactment.

Tracked Bill

EQUAL Act of 2021

H.R. 1693 • 117th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 57Scorecards: 57Explainers: 3

Legislative Movement

Criminal Justice Reparations and Sentencing Equity Act

Criminal Justice • High • Idea

Action Date

Sep 27, 2021

HighHouseIn CommitteeH.R. 1693

Latest Action

Reported (Amended) by the Committee on Judiciary. H. Rept. 117-128, Part I.

Eliminating a Quantifiably Unjust Application of the Law Act or the EQUAL Act This bill eliminates the federal sentencing disparity between drug offenses involving crack cocaine and powder cocaine. Currently, different threshold quantities of crack cocaine and powder cocaine (e.g., 28 grams of crack cocaine and 500 grams of powder cocaine) trigger the same statutory criminal penalties. This bill eliminates the lower quantity thresholds for crack cocaine offenses. Under the bill, the same threshold quantities of crack cocaine and powder cocaine trigger the same statutory criminal penalties. The change applies to future cases and cases pending on the date of enactment. With respect to past cases, the bill authorizes resentencing of a defendant who was convicted or sentenced for a crack cocaine offense before the date of enactment.

Tracked Bill

EQUAL Act of 2021

H.R. 1693 • 117th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 57Scorecards: 57Explainers: 3

Legislative Movement

Criminal Justice Reparations and Sentencing Equity Act

Criminal Justice • High • Idea

Action Date

Sep 27, 2021

HighHouseIn CommitteeH.R. 1693

Latest Action

Committee on Energy and Commerce discharged.

Eliminating a Quantifiably Unjust Application of the Law Act or the EQUAL Act This bill eliminates the federal sentencing disparity between drug offenses involving crack cocaine and powder cocaine. Currently, different threshold quantities of crack cocaine and powder cocaine (e.g., 28 grams of crack cocaine and 500 grams of powder cocaine) trigger the same statutory criminal penalties. This bill eliminates the lower quantity thresholds for crack cocaine offenses. Under the bill, the same threshold quantities of crack cocaine and powder cocaine trigger the same statutory criminal penalties. The change applies to future cases and cases pending on the date of enactment. With respect to past cases, the bill authorizes resentencing of a defendant who was convicted or sentenced for a crack cocaine offense before the date of enactment.

Tracked Bill

EQUAL Act of 2021

H.R. 1693 • 117th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 57Scorecards: 57Explainers: 3

Legislative Movement

Criminal Justice Reparations and Sentencing Equity Act

Criminal Justice • High • Idea

Action Date

Sep 27, 2021

HighHouseIn CommitteeH.R. 1693

Latest Action

Committee on Energy and Commerce discharged.

Eliminating a Quantifiably Unjust Application of the Law Act or the EQUAL Act This bill eliminates the federal sentencing disparity between drug offenses involving crack cocaine and powder cocaine. Currently, different threshold quantities of crack cocaine and powder cocaine (e.g., 28 grams of crack cocaine and 500 grams of powder cocaine) trigger the same statutory criminal penalties. This bill eliminates the lower quantity thresholds for crack cocaine offenses. Under the bill, the same threshold quantities of crack cocaine and powder cocaine trigger the same statutory criminal penalties. The change applies to future cases and cases pending on the date of enactment. With respect to past cases, the bill authorizes resentencing of a defendant who was convicted or sentenced for a crack cocaine offense before the date of enactment.

Tracked Bill

EQUAL Act of 2021

H.R. 1693 • 117th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 57Scorecards: 57Explainers: 3

Legislative Movement

Criminal Justice Reparations and Sentencing Equity Act

Criminal Justice • High • Idea

Action Date

Sep 27, 2021

HighHouseIn CommitteeH.R. 1693

Latest Action

Placed on the Union Calendar, Calendar No. 92.

Eliminating a Quantifiably Unjust Application of the Law Act or the EQUAL Act This bill eliminates the federal sentencing disparity between drug offenses involving crack cocaine and powder cocaine. Currently, different threshold quantities of crack cocaine and powder cocaine (e.g., 28 grams of crack cocaine and 500 grams of powder cocaine) trigger the same statutory criminal penalties. This bill eliminates the lower quantity thresholds for crack cocaine offenses. Under the bill, the same threshold quantities of crack cocaine and powder cocaine trigger the same statutory criminal penalties. The change applies to future cases and cases pending on the date of enactment. With respect to past cases, the bill authorizes resentencing of a defendant who was convicted or sentenced for a crack cocaine offense before the date of enactment.

Tracked Bill

EQUAL Act of 2021

H.R. 1693 • 117th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 57Scorecards: 57Explainers: 3

Legislative Movement

Black Business Equity and Capital Access Act

Economic Justice • High • Idea

Action Date

Aug 4, 2021

HighSenateIntroducedS. 2068

Latest Action

Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. Ordered to be reported with an amendment in the nature of a substitute favorably.

Minority Business Development Act of 2021 This bill permanently authorizes the Minority Business Development Agency (MBDA), requires the MBDA to promote and administer programs that assist the development of minority business enterprises (MBEs), and establishes the Minority Business Enterprises Advisory Council to advise and assist the MBDA. Specifically, the bill requires the MBDA to (1) provide assistance to MBEs in domestic and foreign markets by making available specified resources, (2) promote the position of MBEs in local economies, and (3) collect data on the causes of MBE success or failure and research how economic conditions affect the development of MBEs. The bill establishes formal processes for the MBDA Business Center Program and the MBDA Rural Business Center Program through which business centers provide programs and services to support MBEs. The bill also establishes new initiatives to promote economic resiliency for minority businesses, including (1) an annual forum to review problems and programs relating to capital formation by MBEs, (2) a study and report on alternative financing solutions for MBEs, and (3) entrepreneurship education grants for certain institutions of higher education to develop and implement entrepreneurship curricula. Further, the bill establishes grants for certain nonprofit organizations that provide services to MBEs as one of their primary activities. The bill authorizes the MBDA to coordinate federal government programs and operations that affect the establishment, preservation, and strengthening of socially or economically disadvantaged businesses. The Government Accountability Office must report on the programs carried out pursuant to the bill.

Tracked Bill

Minority Business Development Act of 2021

S. 2068 • 117th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 6Scorecards: 6Explainers: 2

Legislative Movement

HBCU Capital and Research Equity Act

Education • High • Idea

Action Date

Aug 4, 2021

HighSenateIntroducedS. 2068

Latest Action

Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. Ordered to be reported with an amendment in the nature of a substitute favorably.

Minority Business Development Act of 2021 This bill permanently authorizes the Minority Business Development Agency (MBDA), requires the MBDA to promote and administer programs that assist the development of minority business enterprises (MBEs), and establishes the Minority Business Enterprises Advisory Council to advise and assist the MBDA. Specifically, the bill requires the MBDA to (1) provide assistance to MBEs in domestic and foreign markets by making available specified resources, (2) promote the position of MBEs in local economies, and (3) collect data on the causes of MBE success or failure and research how economic conditions affect the development of MBEs. The bill establishes formal processes for the MBDA Business Center Program and the MBDA Rural Business Center Program through which business centers provide programs and services to support MBEs. The bill also establishes new initiatives to promote economic resiliency for minority businesses, including (1) an annual forum to review problems and programs relating to capital formation by MBEs, (2) a study and report on alternative financing solutions for MBEs, and (3) entrepreneurship education grants for certain institutions of higher education to develop and implement entrepreneurship curricula. Further, the bill establishes grants for certain nonprofit organizations that provide services to MBEs as one of their primary activities. The bill authorizes the MBDA to coordinate federal government programs and operations that affect the establishment, preservation, and strengthening of socially or economically disadvantaged businesses. The Government Accountability Office must report on the programs carried out pursuant to the bill.

Tracked Bill

Minority Business Development Act of 2021

S. 2068 • 117th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 6Scorecards: 49Explainers: 3

Legislative Movement

Criminal Justice Reparations and Sentencing Equity Act

Criminal Justice • High • Idea

Action Date

Jul 21, 2021

HighHouseIn CommitteeH.R. 1693

Latest Action

Subcommittee on Crime, Terrorism, and Homeland Security Discharged.

Eliminating a Quantifiably Unjust Application of the Law Act or the EQUAL Act This bill eliminates the federal sentencing disparity between drug offenses involving crack cocaine and powder cocaine. Currently, different threshold quantities of crack cocaine and powder cocaine (e.g., 28 grams of crack cocaine and 500 grams of powder cocaine) trigger the same statutory criminal penalties. This bill eliminates the lower quantity thresholds for crack cocaine offenses. Under the bill, the same threshold quantities of crack cocaine and powder cocaine trigger the same statutory criminal penalties. The change applies to future cases and cases pending on the date of enactment. With respect to past cases, the bill authorizes resentencing of a defendant who was convicted or sentenced for a crack cocaine offense before the date of enactment.

Tracked Bill

EQUAL Act of 2021

H.R. 1693 • 117th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 57Scorecards: 57Explainers: 3

Legislative Movement

Criminal Justice Reparations and Sentencing Equity Act

Criminal Justice • High • Idea

Action Date

Jul 21, 2021

HighHouseIn CommitteeH.R. 1693

Latest Action

Committee Consideration and Mark-up Session Held.

Eliminating a Quantifiably Unjust Application of the Law Act or the EQUAL Act This bill eliminates the federal sentencing disparity between drug offenses involving crack cocaine and powder cocaine. Currently, different threshold quantities of crack cocaine and powder cocaine (e.g., 28 grams of crack cocaine and 500 grams of powder cocaine) trigger the same statutory criminal penalties. This bill eliminates the lower quantity thresholds for crack cocaine offenses. Under the bill, the same threshold quantities of crack cocaine and powder cocaine trigger the same statutory criminal penalties. The change applies to future cases and cases pending on the date of enactment. With respect to past cases, the bill authorizes resentencing of a defendant who was convicted or sentenced for a crack cocaine offense before the date of enactment.

Tracked Bill

EQUAL Act of 2021

H.R. 1693 • 117th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 57Scorecards: 57Explainers: 3

Legislative Movement

Criminal Justice Reparations and Sentencing Equity Act

Criminal Justice • High • Idea

Action Date

Jul 21, 2021

HighHouseIn CommitteeH.R. 1693

Latest Action

Ordered to be Reported (Amended).

Eliminating a Quantifiably Unjust Application of the Law Act or the EQUAL Act This bill eliminates the federal sentencing disparity between drug offenses involving crack cocaine and powder cocaine. Currently, different threshold quantities of crack cocaine and powder cocaine (e.g., 28 grams of crack cocaine and 500 grams of powder cocaine) trigger the same statutory criminal penalties. This bill eliminates the lower quantity thresholds for crack cocaine offenses. Under the bill, the same threshold quantities of crack cocaine and powder cocaine trigger the same statutory criminal penalties. The change applies to future cases and cases pending on the date of enactment. With respect to past cases, the bill authorizes resentencing of a defendant who was convicted or sentenced for a crack cocaine offense before the date of enactment.

Tracked Bill

EQUAL Act of 2021

H.R. 1693 • 117th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 57Scorecards: 57Explainers: 3

Legislative Movement

Black Business Equity and Capital Access Act

Economic Justice • High • Idea

Action Date

Jun 15, 2021

HighSenateIntroducedS. 2068

Latest Action

Introduced in Senate

Minority Business Development Act of 2021 This bill permanently authorizes the Minority Business Development Agency (MBDA), requires the MBDA to promote and administer programs that assist the development of minority business enterprises (MBEs), and establishes the Minority Business Enterprises Advisory Council to advise and assist the MBDA. Specifically, the bill requires the MBDA to (1) provide assistance to MBEs in domestic and foreign markets by making available specified resources, (2) promote the position of MBEs in local economies, and (3) collect data on the causes of MBE success or failure and research how economic conditions affect the development of MBEs. The bill establishes formal processes for the MBDA Business Center Program and the MBDA Rural Business Center Program through which business centers provide programs and services to support MBEs. The bill also establishes new initiatives to promote economic resiliency for minority businesses, including (1) an annual forum to review problems and programs relating to capital formation by MBEs, (2) a study and report on alternative financing solutions for MBEs, and (3) entrepreneurship education grants for certain institutions of higher education to develop and implement entrepreneurship curricula. Further, the bill establishes grants for certain nonprofit organizations that provide services to MBEs as one of their primary activities. The bill authorizes the MBDA to coordinate federal government programs and operations that affect the establishment, preservation, and strengthening of socially or economically disadvantaged businesses. The Government Accountability Office must report on the programs carried out pursuant to the bill.

Tracked Bill

Minority Business Development Act of 2021

S. 2068 • 117th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 6Scorecards: 6Explainers: 2

Legislative Movement

Black Business Equity and Capital Access Act

Economic Justice • High • Idea

Action Date

Jun 15, 2021

HighSenateIntroducedS. 2068

Latest Action

Read twice and referred to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation.

Minority Business Development Act of 2021 This bill permanently authorizes the Minority Business Development Agency (MBDA), requires the MBDA to promote and administer programs that assist the development of minority business enterprises (MBEs), and establishes the Minority Business Enterprises Advisory Council to advise and assist the MBDA. Specifically, the bill requires the MBDA to (1) provide assistance to MBEs in domestic and foreign markets by making available specified resources, (2) promote the position of MBEs in local economies, and (3) collect data on the causes of MBE success or failure and research how economic conditions affect the development of MBEs. The bill establishes formal processes for the MBDA Business Center Program and the MBDA Rural Business Center Program through which business centers provide programs and services to support MBEs. The bill also establishes new initiatives to promote economic resiliency for minority businesses, including (1) an annual forum to review problems and programs relating to capital formation by MBEs, (2) a study and report on alternative financing solutions for MBEs, and (3) entrepreneurship education grants for certain institutions of higher education to develop and implement entrepreneurship curricula. Further, the bill establishes grants for certain nonprofit organizations that provide services to MBEs as one of their primary activities. The bill authorizes the MBDA to coordinate federal government programs and operations that affect the establishment, preservation, and strengthening of socially or economically disadvantaged businesses. The Government Accountability Office must report on the programs carried out pursuant to the bill.

Tracked Bill

Minority Business Development Act of 2021

S. 2068 • 117th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 6Scorecards: 6Explainers: 2

Legislative Movement

HBCU Capital and Research Equity Act

Education • High • Idea

Action Date

Jun 15, 2021

HighSenateIntroducedS. 2068

Latest Action

Introduced in Senate

Minority Business Development Act of 2021 This bill permanently authorizes the Minority Business Development Agency (MBDA), requires the MBDA to promote and administer programs that assist the development of minority business enterprises (MBEs), and establishes the Minority Business Enterprises Advisory Council to advise and assist the MBDA. Specifically, the bill requires the MBDA to (1) provide assistance to MBEs in domestic and foreign markets by making available specified resources, (2) promote the position of MBEs in local economies, and (3) collect data on the causes of MBE success or failure and research how economic conditions affect the development of MBEs. The bill establishes formal processes for the MBDA Business Center Program and the MBDA Rural Business Center Program through which business centers provide programs and services to support MBEs. The bill also establishes new initiatives to promote economic resiliency for minority businesses, including (1) an annual forum to review problems and programs relating to capital formation by MBEs, (2) a study and report on alternative financing solutions for MBEs, and (3) entrepreneurship education grants for certain institutions of higher education to develop and implement entrepreneurship curricula. Further, the bill establishes grants for certain nonprofit organizations that provide services to MBEs as one of their primary activities. The bill authorizes the MBDA to coordinate federal government programs and operations that affect the establishment, preservation, and strengthening of socially or economically disadvantaged businesses. The Government Accountability Office must report on the programs carried out pursuant to the bill.

Tracked Bill

Minority Business Development Act of 2021

S. 2068 • 117th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 6Scorecards: 49Explainers: 3

Legislative Movement

HBCU Capital and Research Equity Act

Education • High • Idea

Action Date

Jun 15, 2021

HighSenateIntroducedS. 2068

Latest Action

Read twice and referred to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation.

Minority Business Development Act of 2021 This bill permanently authorizes the Minority Business Development Agency (MBDA), requires the MBDA to promote and administer programs that assist the development of minority business enterprises (MBEs), and establishes the Minority Business Enterprises Advisory Council to advise and assist the MBDA. Specifically, the bill requires the MBDA to (1) provide assistance to MBEs in domestic and foreign markets by making available specified resources, (2) promote the position of MBEs in local economies, and (3) collect data on the causes of MBE success or failure and research how economic conditions affect the development of MBEs. The bill establishes formal processes for the MBDA Business Center Program and the MBDA Rural Business Center Program through which business centers provide programs and services to support MBEs. The bill also establishes new initiatives to promote economic resiliency for minority businesses, including (1) an annual forum to review problems and programs relating to capital formation by MBEs, (2) a study and report on alternative financing solutions for MBEs, and (3) entrepreneurship education grants for certain institutions of higher education to develop and implement entrepreneurship curricula. Further, the bill establishes grants for certain nonprofit organizations that provide services to MBEs as one of their primary activities. The bill authorizes the MBDA to coordinate federal government programs and operations that affect the establishment, preservation, and strengthening of socially or economically disadvantaged businesses. The Government Accountability Office must report on the programs carried out pursuant to the bill.

Tracked Bill

Minority Business Development Act of 2021

S. 2068 • 117th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 6Scorecards: 49Explainers: 3

Legislative Movement

Criminal Justice Reparations and Sentencing Equity Act

Criminal Justice • High • Idea

Action Date

May 18, 2021

HighHouseIn CommitteeH.R. 1693

Latest Action

Referred to the Subcommittee on Crime, Terrorism, and Homeland Security.

Eliminating a Quantifiably Unjust Application of the Law Act or the EQUAL Act This bill eliminates the federal sentencing disparity between drug offenses involving crack cocaine and powder cocaine. Currently, different threshold quantities of crack cocaine and powder cocaine (e.g., 28 grams of crack cocaine and 500 grams of powder cocaine) trigger the same statutory criminal penalties. This bill eliminates the lower quantity thresholds for crack cocaine offenses. Under the bill, the same threshold quantities of crack cocaine and powder cocaine trigger the same statutory criminal penalties. The change applies to future cases and cases pending on the date of enactment. With respect to past cases, the bill authorizes resentencing of a defendant who was convicted or sentenced for a crack cocaine offense before the date of enactment.

Tracked Bill

EQUAL Act of 2021

H.R. 1693 • 117th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 57Scorecards: 57Explainers: 3

Legislative Movement

Criminal Justice Reparations and Sentencing Equity Act

Criminal Justice • High • Idea

Action Date

Mar 10, 2021

HighHouseIn CommitteeH.R. 1693

Latest Action

Referred to the Subcommittee on Health.

Eliminating a Quantifiably Unjust Application of the Law Act or the EQUAL Act This bill eliminates the federal sentencing disparity between drug offenses involving crack cocaine and powder cocaine. Currently, different threshold quantities of crack cocaine and powder cocaine (e.g., 28 grams of crack cocaine and 500 grams of powder cocaine) trigger the same statutory criminal penalties. This bill eliminates the lower quantity thresholds for crack cocaine offenses. Under the bill, the same threshold quantities of crack cocaine and powder cocaine trigger the same statutory criminal penalties. The change applies to future cases and cases pending on the date of enactment. With respect to past cases, the bill authorizes resentencing of a defendant who was convicted or sentenced for a crack cocaine offense before the date of enactment.

Tracked Bill

EQUAL Act of 2021

H.R. 1693 • 117th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 57Scorecards: 57Explainers: 3

Legislative Movement

Criminal Justice Reparations and Sentencing Equity Act

Criminal Justice • High • Idea

Action Date

Mar 9, 2021

HighHouseIn CommitteeH.R. 1693

Latest Action

Introduced in House

Eliminating a Quantifiably Unjust Application of the Law Act or the EQUAL Act This bill eliminates the federal sentencing disparity between drug offenses involving crack cocaine and powder cocaine. Currently, different threshold quantities of crack cocaine and powder cocaine (e.g., 28 grams of crack cocaine and 500 grams of powder cocaine) trigger the same statutory criminal penalties. This bill eliminates the lower quantity thresholds for crack cocaine offenses. Under the bill, the same threshold quantities of crack cocaine and powder cocaine trigger the same statutory criminal penalties. The change applies to future cases and cases pending on the date of enactment. With respect to past cases, the bill authorizes resentencing of a defendant who was convicted or sentenced for a crack cocaine offense before the date of enactment.

Tracked Bill

EQUAL Act of 2021

H.R. 1693 • 117th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 57Scorecards: 57Explainers: 3

Legislative Movement

Criminal Justice Reparations and Sentencing Equity Act

Criminal Justice • High • Idea

Action Date

Mar 9, 2021

HighHouseIn CommitteeH.R. 1693

Latest Action

Introduced in House

Eliminating a Quantifiably Unjust Application of the Law Act or the EQUAL Act This bill eliminates the federal sentencing disparity between drug offenses involving crack cocaine and powder cocaine. Currently, different threshold quantities of crack cocaine and powder cocaine (e.g., 28 grams of crack cocaine and 500 grams of powder cocaine) trigger the same statutory criminal penalties. This bill eliminates the lower quantity thresholds for crack cocaine offenses. Under the bill, the same threshold quantities of crack cocaine and powder cocaine trigger the same statutory criminal penalties. The change applies to future cases and cases pending on the date of enactment. With respect to past cases, the bill authorizes resentencing of a defendant who was convicted or sentenced for a crack cocaine offense before the date of enactment.

Tracked Bill

EQUAL Act of 2021

H.R. 1693 • 117th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 57Scorecards: 57Explainers: 3

Legislative Movement

Criminal Justice Reparations and Sentencing Equity Act

Criminal Justice • High • Idea

Action Date

Mar 9, 2021

HighHouseIn CommitteeH.R. 1693

Latest Action

Referred to the Committee on the Judiciary, and in addition to the Committee on Energy and Commerce, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned.

Eliminating a Quantifiably Unjust Application of the Law Act or the EQUAL Act This bill eliminates the federal sentencing disparity between drug offenses involving crack cocaine and powder cocaine. Currently, different threshold quantities of crack cocaine and powder cocaine (e.g., 28 grams of crack cocaine and 500 grams of powder cocaine) trigger the same statutory criminal penalties. This bill eliminates the lower quantity thresholds for crack cocaine offenses. Under the bill, the same threshold quantities of crack cocaine and powder cocaine trigger the same statutory criminal penalties. The change applies to future cases and cases pending on the date of enactment. With respect to past cases, the bill authorizes resentencing of a defendant who was convicted or sentenced for a crack cocaine offense before the date of enactment.

Tracked Bill

EQUAL Act of 2021

H.R. 1693 • 117th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 57Scorecards: 57Explainers: 3

Legislative Movement

Criminal Justice Reparations and Sentencing Equity Act

Criminal Justice • High • Idea

Action Date

Mar 9, 2021

HighHouseIn CommitteeH.R. 1693

Latest Action

Referred to the Committee on the Judiciary, and in addition to the Committee on Energy and Commerce, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned.

Eliminating a Quantifiably Unjust Application of the Law Act or the EQUAL Act This bill eliminates the federal sentencing disparity between drug offenses involving crack cocaine and powder cocaine. Currently, different threshold quantities of crack cocaine and powder cocaine (e.g., 28 grams of crack cocaine and 500 grams of powder cocaine) trigger the same statutory criminal penalties. This bill eliminates the lower quantity thresholds for crack cocaine offenses. Under the bill, the same threshold quantities of crack cocaine and powder cocaine trigger the same statutory criminal penalties. The change applies to future cases and cases pending on the date of enactment. With respect to past cases, the bill authorizes resentencing of a defendant who was convicted or sentenced for a crack cocaine offense before the date of enactment.

Tracked Bill

EQUAL Act of 2021

H.R. 1693 • 117th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 57Scorecards: 57Explainers: 3

Legislative Movement

HBCU Endowment and Tuition Reparations Act

Education • High • Idea

Action Date

Jul 23, 2020

HighHouseIntroducedH.R. 2486

Latest Action

Message on House action received in Senate and at desk: House amendments to Senate amendment.

Fostering Undergraduate Talent by Unlocking Resources for Education Act or the FUTURE Act This bill extends through FY2021 and revises mandatory funding programs for historically black colleges and universities and other minority-serving institutions, including by allocating a portion of the funding for grants to predominantly black institutions for programs in (1) science, technology, engineering, or mathematics; (2) health education; (3) internationalization or globalization; (4) teacher preparation; or (5) improving educational outcomes of African-American males.

Tracked Bill

FUTURE Act

H.R. 2486 • 116th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 29Scorecards: 29Explainers: 3

Legislative Movement

HBCU Endowment and Tuition Reparations Act

Education • High • Idea

Action Date

Jul 22, 2020

HighHouseIntroducedH.R. 2486

Latest Action

Pursuant to H. Res. 891, Ms. Jayapal was recognized to move that the House concur in the Senate amendment to H.R. 2486 with amendments specified in section 4 of H. Res. 891. (consideration: CR H3625-3638, H3666)

Fostering Undergraduate Talent by Unlocking Resources for Education Act or the FUTURE Act This bill extends through FY2021 and revises mandatory funding programs for historically black colleges and universities and other minority-serving institutions, including by allocating a portion of the funding for grants to predominantly black institutions for programs in (1) science, technology, engineering, or mathematics; (2) health education; (3) internationalization or globalization; (4) teacher preparation; or (5) improving educational outcomes of African-American males.

Tracked Bill

FUTURE Act

H.R. 2486 • 116th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 29Scorecards: 29Explainers: 3

Legislative Movement

HBCU Endowment and Tuition Reparations Act

Education • High • Idea

Action Date

Jul 22, 2020

HighHouseIntroducedH.R. 2486

Latest Action

DEBATE - Pursuant H. Res. 891, the question shall be divided among the two House amendments. Pursuant to section 3(a) of H. Res. 891, the portion of the divided question comprising of the amendment specified in section 4(a) of H. Res. 891 shall be considered first. Each amendment specified in section 4 shall be debatable for one hour.

Fostering Undergraduate Talent by Unlocking Resources for Education Act or the FUTURE Act This bill extends through FY2021 and revises mandatory funding programs for historically black colleges and universities and other minority-serving institutions, including by allocating a portion of the funding for grants to predominantly black institutions for programs in (1) science, technology, engineering, or mathematics; (2) health education; (3) internationalization or globalization; (4) teacher preparation; or (5) improving educational outcomes of African-American males.

Tracked Bill

FUTURE Act

H.R. 2486 • 116th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 29Scorecards: 29Explainers: 3

Legislative Movement

HBCU Endowment and Tuition Reparations Act

Education • High • Idea

Action Date

Jul 22, 2020

HighHouseIntroducedH.R. 2486

Latest Action

DEBATE - The House resumed debate on the House amendment to the Senate amendment.

Fostering Undergraduate Talent by Unlocking Resources for Education Act or the FUTURE Act This bill extends through FY2021 and revises mandatory funding programs for historically black colleges and universities and other minority-serving institutions, including by allocating a portion of the funding for grants to predominantly black institutions for programs in (1) science, technology, engineering, or mathematics; (2) health education; (3) internationalization or globalization; (4) teacher preparation; or (5) improving educational outcomes of African-American males.

Tracked Bill

FUTURE Act

H.R. 2486 • 116th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 29Scorecards: 29Explainers: 3

Legislative Movement

HBCU Endowment and Tuition Reparations Act

Education • High • Idea

Action Date

Jul 22, 2020

HighHouseIntroducedH.R. 2486

Latest Action

The previous question was ordered pursuant to the rule.

Fostering Undergraduate Talent by Unlocking Resources for Education Act or the FUTURE Act This bill extends through FY2021 and revises mandatory funding programs for historically black colleges and universities and other minority-serving institutions, including by allocating a portion of the funding for grants to predominantly black institutions for programs in (1) science, technology, engineering, or mathematics; (2) health education; (3) internationalization or globalization; (4) teacher preparation; or (5) improving educational outcomes of African-American males.

Tracked Bill

FUTURE Act

H.R. 2486 • 116th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 29Scorecards: 29Explainers: 3

Legislative Movement

HBCU Endowment and Tuition Reparations Act

Education • High • Idea

Action Date

Jul 22, 2020

HighHouseIntroducedH.R. 2486

Latest Action

POSTPONED PROCEEDINGS - At the conclusion of debate on the Jayapal motion that the House concur in the Senate amendment with an amendment specified in section 4(a) of H. Res. 891, the Chair put the question on adoption of the motion and by voice vote, announced that the ayes had prevailed. Mr. Nadler demanded the yeas and nays and the Chair postponed further proceedings on the motion until a time to be announced.

Fostering Undergraduate Talent by Unlocking Resources for Education Act or the FUTURE Act This bill extends through FY2021 and revises mandatory funding programs for historically black colleges and universities and other minority-serving institutions, including by allocating a portion of the funding for grants to predominantly black institutions for programs in (1) science, technology, engineering, or mathematics; (2) health education; (3) internationalization or globalization; (4) teacher preparation; or (5) improving educational outcomes of African-American males.

Tracked Bill

FUTURE Act

H.R. 2486 • 116th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 29Scorecards: 29Explainers: 3

Legislative Movement

HBCU Endowment and Tuition Reparations Act

Education • High • Idea

Action Date

Jul 22, 2020

HighHouseIntroducedH.R. 2486

Latest Action

Pursuant to H. Res. 891, the House proceeded with one hour of debate on the motion that the House concur in the Senate amendment with an amendment specified in section 4(b). (consideration: CR H3638-3642, H3666-3667)

Fostering Undergraduate Talent by Unlocking Resources for Education Act or the FUTURE Act This bill extends through FY2021 and revises mandatory funding programs for historically black colleges and universities and other minority-serving institutions, including by allocating a portion of the funding for grants to predominantly black institutions for programs in (1) science, technology, engineering, or mathematics; (2) health education; (3) internationalization or globalization; (4) teacher preparation; or (5) improving educational outcomes of African-American males.

Tracked Bill

FUTURE Act

H.R. 2486 • 116th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 29Scorecards: 29Explainers: 3

Legislative Movement

HBCU Endowment and Tuition Reparations Act

Education • High • Idea

Action Date

Jul 22, 2020

HighHouseIntroducedH.R. 2486

Latest Action

The previous question was ordered pursuant to the rule.

Fostering Undergraduate Talent by Unlocking Resources for Education Act or the FUTURE Act This bill extends through FY2021 and revises mandatory funding programs for historically black colleges and universities and other minority-serving institutions, including by allocating a portion of the funding for grants to predominantly black institutions for programs in (1) science, technology, engineering, or mathematics; (2) health education; (3) internationalization or globalization; (4) teacher preparation; or (5) improving educational outcomes of African-American males.

Tracked Bill

FUTURE Act

H.R. 2486 • 116th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 29Scorecards: 29Explainers: 3

Legislative Movement

HBCU Endowment and Tuition Reparations Act

Education • High • Idea

Action Date

Jul 22, 2020

HighHouseIntroducedH.R. 2486

Latest Action

POSTPONED PROCEEDINGS - 1At the conclusion of debate on the Jayapal motion that the House concur in the Senate amendment with an amendment specified in section 4(b) of H. Res. 891, the Chair put the question on adoption of the motion and by voice vote, announced that the ayes had prevailed. Mr. Nadler demanded the yeas and nays and the Chair postponed further proceedings on the motion until a time to be announced.

Fostering Undergraduate Talent by Unlocking Resources for Education Act or the FUTURE Act This bill extends through FY2021 and revises mandatory funding programs for historically black colleges and universities and other minority-serving institutions, including by allocating a portion of the funding for grants to predominantly black institutions for programs in (1) science, technology, engineering, or mathematics; (2) health education; (3) internationalization or globalization; (4) teacher preparation; or (5) improving educational outcomes of African-American males.

Tracked Bill

FUTURE Act

H.R. 2486 • 116th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 29Scorecards: 29Explainers: 3

Legislative Movement

HBCU Endowment and Tuition Reparations Act

Education • High • Idea

Action Date

Jul 22, 2020

HighHouseIntroducedH.R. 2486

Latest Action

Resolving differences -- House actions: On motion to concur in the Senate amendment with amendment specified in section 4(a) of H. Res. 891 Agreed to by the Yeas and Nays: 233 - 183 (Roll no. 153).(text: CR H3625-3628)

Fostering Undergraduate Talent by Unlocking Resources for Education Act or the FUTURE Act This bill extends through FY2021 and revises mandatory funding programs for historically black colleges and universities and other minority-serving institutions, including by allocating a portion of the funding for grants to predominantly black institutions for programs in (1) science, technology, engineering, or mathematics; (2) health education; (3) internationalization or globalization; (4) teacher preparation; or (5) improving educational outcomes of African-American males.

Tracked Bill

FUTURE Act

H.R. 2486 • 116th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 29Scorecards: 29Explainers: 3

Legislative Movement

HBCU Endowment and Tuition Reparations Act

Education • High • Idea

Action Date

Jul 22, 2020

HighHouseIntroducedH.R. 2486

Latest Action

On motion to concur in the Senate amendment with amendment specified in section 4(a) of H. Res. 891 Agreed to by the Yeas and Nays: 233 - 183 (Roll no. 153). (text: CR H3625-3628)

Fostering Undergraduate Talent by Unlocking Resources for Education Act or the FUTURE Act This bill extends through FY2021 and revises mandatory funding programs for historically black colleges and universities and other minority-serving institutions, including by allocating a portion of the funding for grants to predominantly black institutions for programs in (1) science, technology, engineering, or mathematics; (2) health education; (3) internationalization or globalization; (4) teacher preparation; or (5) improving educational outcomes of African-American males.

Tracked Bill

FUTURE Act

H.R. 2486 • 116th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 29Scorecards: 29Explainers: 3

Legislative Movement

HBCU Endowment and Tuition Reparations Act

Education • High • Idea

Action Date

Jul 22, 2020

HighHouseIntroducedH.R. 2486

Latest Action

Resolving differences -- House actions: On motion to concur in the Senate amendment with amendment specified in section 4(b) of H. Res. 891 Agreed to by the Yeas and Nays: 231 - 184 (Roll no. 154).(text: CR H3638-3639)

Fostering Undergraduate Talent by Unlocking Resources for Education Act or the FUTURE Act This bill extends through FY2021 and revises mandatory funding programs for historically black colleges and universities and other minority-serving institutions, including by allocating a portion of the funding for grants to predominantly black institutions for programs in (1) science, technology, engineering, or mathematics; (2) health education; (3) internationalization or globalization; (4) teacher preparation; or (5) improving educational outcomes of African-American males.

Tracked Bill

FUTURE Act

H.R. 2486 • 116th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 29Scorecards: 29Explainers: 3

Legislative Movement

HBCU Endowment and Tuition Reparations Act

Education • High • Idea

Action Date

Jul 22, 2020

HighHouseIntroducedH.R. 2486

Latest Action

On motion to concur in the Senate amendment with amendment specified in section 4(b) of H. Res. 891 Agreed to by the Yeas and Nays: 231 - 184 (Roll no. 154). (text: CR H3638-3639)

Fostering Undergraduate Talent by Unlocking Resources for Education Act or the FUTURE Act This bill extends through FY2021 and revises mandatory funding programs for historically black colleges and universities and other minority-serving institutions, including by allocating a portion of the funding for grants to predominantly black institutions for programs in (1) science, technology, engineering, or mathematics; (2) health education; (3) internationalization or globalization; (4) teacher preparation; or (5) improving educational outcomes of African-American males.

Tracked Bill

FUTURE Act

H.R. 2486 • 116th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 29Scorecards: 29Explainers: 3

Legislative Movement

HBCU Endowment and Tuition Reparations Act

Education • High • Idea

Action Date

Jul 22, 2020

HighHouseIntroducedH.R. 2486

Latest Action

Motion to reconsider laid on the table Agreed to without objection.

Fostering Undergraduate Talent by Unlocking Resources for Education Act or the FUTURE Act This bill extends through FY2021 and revises mandatory funding programs for historically black colleges and universities and other minority-serving institutions, including by allocating a portion of the funding for grants to predominantly black institutions for programs in (1) science, technology, engineering, or mathematics; (2) health education; (3) internationalization or globalization; (4) teacher preparation; or (5) improving educational outcomes of African-American males.

Tracked Bill

FUTURE Act

H.R. 2486 • 116th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 29Scorecards: 29Explainers: 3

Legislative Movement

HBCU Endowment and Tuition Reparations Act

Education • High • Idea

Action Date

Mar 10, 2020

HighHouseIntroducedH.R. 2486

Latest Action

Rules Committee Resolution H. Res. 891 Reported to House. Rule provides for consideration of S.J. Res. 68, H.R. 2486 and H.R. 6172. Resolution provides for consideration of S.J. Res. 68, the Senate amendment to H.R. 2486, and H.R. 6172. For S.J. Res. 68, the resolution provides for 1 hour of debate and 1 motion to commit. For the Senate amendment to H.R. 2486, the question will be divided and each portion will have 1 hour of debate. H.R. 6172 will have 1 hour ofdebate and 1 motion to recommit with or without instructions.

Fostering Undergraduate Talent by Unlocking Resources for Education Act or the FUTURE Act This bill extends through FY2021 and revises mandatory funding programs for historically black colleges and universities and other minority-serving institutions, including by allocating a portion of the funding for grants to predominantly black institutions for programs in (1) science, technology, engineering, or mathematics; (2) health education; (3) internationalization or globalization; (4) teacher preparation; or (5) improving educational outcomes of African-American males.

Tracked Bill

FUTURE Act

H.R. 2486 • 116th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 29Scorecards: 29Explainers: 3

Legislative Movement

HBCU Endowment and Tuition Reparations Act

Education • High • Idea

Action Date

Dec 9, 2019

HighHouseIntroducedH.R. 2486

Latest Action

Message on Senate action sent to the House.

Fostering Undergraduate Talent by Unlocking Resources for Education Act or the FUTURE Act This bill extends through FY2021 and revises mandatory funding programs for historically black colleges and universities and other minority-serving institutions, including by allocating a portion of the funding for grants to predominantly black institutions for programs in (1) science, technology, engineering, or mathematics; (2) health education; (3) internationalization or globalization; (4) teacher preparation; or (5) improving educational outcomes of African-American males.

Tracked Bill

FUTURE Act

H.R. 2486 • 116th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 29Scorecards: 29Explainers: 3

Legislative Movement

HBCU Endowment and Tuition Reparations Act

Education • High • Idea

Action Date

Dec 5, 2019

HighHouseIntroducedH.R. 2486

Latest Action

Measure laid before Senate by unanimous consent. (consideration: CR S6865)

Fostering Undergraduate Talent by Unlocking Resources for Education Act or the FUTURE Act This bill extends through FY2021 and revises mandatory funding programs for historically black colleges and universities and other minority-serving institutions, including by allocating a portion of the funding for grants to predominantly black institutions for programs in (1) science, technology, engineering, or mathematics; (2) health education; (3) internationalization or globalization; (4) teacher preparation; or (5) improving educational outcomes of African-American males.

Tracked Bill

FUTURE Act

H.R. 2486 • 116th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 29Scorecards: 29Explainers: 3

Legislative Movement

HBCU Endowment and Tuition Reparations Act

Education • High • Idea

Action Date

Dec 5, 2019

HighHouseIntroducedH.R. 2486

Latest Action

Passed/agreed to in Senate: Passed Senate with an amendment by Voice Vote.

Fostering Undergraduate Talent by Unlocking Resources for Education Act or the FUTURE Act This bill extends through FY2021 and revises mandatory funding programs for historically black colleges and universities and other minority-serving institutions, including by allocating a portion of the funding for grants to predominantly black institutions for programs in (1) science, technology, engineering, or mathematics; (2) health education; (3) internationalization or globalization; (4) teacher preparation; or (5) improving educational outcomes of African-American males.

Tracked Bill

FUTURE Act

H.R. 2486 • 116th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 29Scorecards: 29Explainers: 3

Legislative Movement

HBCU Endowment and Tuition Reparations Act

Education • High • Idea

Action Date

Dec 5, 2019

HighHouseIntroducedH.R. 2486

Latest Action

Passed Senate with an amendment by Voice Vote.

Fostering Undergraduate Talent by Unlocking Resources for Education Act or the FUTURE Act This bill extends through FY2021 and revises mandatory funding programs for historically black colleges and universities and other minority-serving institutions, including by allocating a portion of the funding for grants to predominantly black institutions for programs in (1) science, technology, engineering, or mathematics; (2) health education; (3) internationalization or globalization; (4) teacher preparation; or (5) improving educational outcomes of African-American males.

Tracked Bill

FUTURE Act

H.R. 2486 • 116th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 29Scorecards: 29Explainers: 3

Legislative Movement

HBCU Endowment and Tuition Reparations Act

Education • High • Idea

Action Date

Sep 23, 2019

HighHouseIntroducedH.R. 2486

Latest Action

Read the second time. Placed on Senate Legislative Calendar under General Orders. Calendar No. 212.

Fostering Undergraduate Talent by Unlocking Resources for Education Act or the FUTURE Act This bill extends through FY2021 and revises mandatory funding programs for historically black colleges and universities and other minority-serving institutions, including by allocating a portion of the funding for grants to predominantly black institutions for programs in (1) science, technology, engineering, or mathematics; (2) health education; (3) internationalization or globalization; (4) teacher preparation; or (5) improving educational outcomes of African-American males.

Tracked Bill

FUTURE Act

H.R. 2486 • 116th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 29Scorecards: 29Explainers: 3

Legislative Movement

HBCU Endowment and Tuition Reparations Act

Education • High • Idea

Action Date

Sep 19, 2019

HighHouseIntroducedH.R. 2486

Latest Action

Read the first time. Placed on Senate Legislative Calendar under Read the First Time.

Fostering Undergraduate Talent by Unlocking Resources for Education Act or the FUTURE Act This bill extends through FY2021 and revises mandatory funding programs for historically black colleges and universities and other minority-serving institutions, including by allocating a portion of the funding for grants to predominantly black institutions for programs in (1) science, technology, engineering, or mathematics; (2) health education; (3) internationalization or globalization; (4) teacher preparation; or (5) improving educational outcomes of African-American males.

Tracked Bill

FUTURE Act

H.R. 2486 • 116th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 29Scorecards: 29Explainers: 3

Legislative Movement

HBCU Endowment and Tuition Reparations Act

Education • High • Idea

Action Date

Sep 18, 2019

HighHouseIntroducedH.R. 2486

Latest Action

Received in the Senate.

Fostering Undergraduate Talent by Unlocking Resources for Education Act or the FUTURE Act This bill extends through FY2021 and revises mandatory funding programs for historically black colleges and universities and other minority-serving institutions, including by allocating a portion of the funding for grants to predominantly black institutions for programs in (1) science, technology, engineering, or mathematics; (2) health education; (3) internationalization or globalization; (4) teacher preparation; or (5) improving educational outcomes of African-American males.

Tracked Bill

FUTURE Act

H.R. 2486 • 116th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 29Scorecards: 29Explainers: 3

Legislative Movement

HBCU Endowment and Tuition Reparations Act

Education • High • Idea

Action Date

Sep 17, 2019

HighHouseIntroducedH.R. 2486

Latest Action

Ms. Adams moved to suspend the rules and pass the bill, as amended.

Fostering Undergraduate Talent by Unlocking Resources for Education Act or the FUTURE Act This bill extends through FY2021 and revises mandatory funding programs for historically black colleges and universities and other minority-serving institutions, including by allocating a portion of the funding for grants to predominantly black institutions for programs in (1) science, technology, engineering, or mathematics; (2) health education; (3) internationalization or globalization; (4) teacher preparation; or (5) improving educational outcomes of African-American males.

Tracked Bill

FUTURE Act

H.R. 2486 • 116th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 29Scorecards: 29Explainers: 3

Legislative Movement

HBCU Endowment and Tuition Reparations Act

Education • High • Idea

Action Date

Sep 17, 2019

HighHouseIntroducedH.R. 2486

Latest Action

Considered under suspension of the rules. (consideration: CR H7734-7737)

Fostering Undergraduate Talent by Unlocking Resources for Education Act or the FUTURE Act This bill extends through FY2021 and revises mandatory funding programs for historically black colleges and universities and other minority-serving institutions, including by allocating a portion of the funding for grants to predominantly black institutions for programs in (1) science, technology, engineering, or mathematics; (2) health education; (3) internationalization or globalization; (4) teacher preparation; or (5) improving educational outcomes of African-American males.

Tracked Bill

FUTURE Act

H.R. 2486 • 116th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 29Scorecards: 29Explainers: 3

Legislative Movement

HBCU Endowment and Tuition Reparations Act

Education • High • Idea

Action Date

Sep 17, 2019

HighHouseIntroducedH.R. 2486

Latest Action

DEBATE - The House proceeded with forty minutes of debate on H.R. 2486.

Fostering Undergraduate Talent by Unlocking Resources for Education Act or the FUTURE Act This bill extends through FY2021 and revises mandatory funding programs for historically black colleges and universities and other minority-serving institutions, including by allocating a portion of the funding for grants to predominantly black institutions for programs in (1) science, technology, engineering, or mathematics; (2) health education; (3) internationalization or globalization; (4) teacher preparation; or (5) improving educational outcomes of African-American males.

Tracked Bill

FUTURE Act

H.R. 2486 • 116th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 29Scorecards: 29Explainers: 3

Legislative Movement

HBCU Endowment and Tuition Reparations Act

Education • High • Idea

Action Date

Sep 17, 2019

HighHouseIntroducedH.R. 2486

Latest Action

Passed/agreed to in House: On motion to suspend the rules and pass the bill, as amended Agreed to by voice vote.(text: CR H7734-7735)

Fostering Undergraduate Talent by Unlocking Resources for Education Act or the FUTURE Act This bill extends through FY2021 and revises mandatory funding programs for historically black colleges and universities and other minority-serving institutions, including by allocating a portion of the funding for grants to predominantly black institutions for programs in (1) science, technology, engineering, or mathematics; (2) health education; (3) internationalization or globalization; (4) teacher preparation; or (5) improving educational outcomes of African-American males.

Tracked Bill

FUTURE Act

H.R. 2486 • 116th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 29Scorecards: 29Explainers: 3

Legislative Movement

HBCU Endowment and Tuition Reparations Act

Education • High • Idea

Action Date

Sep 17, 2019

HighHouseIntroducedH.R. 2486

Latest Action

On motion to suspend the rules and pass the bill, as amended Agreed to by voice vote. (text: CR H7734-7735)

Fostering Undergraduate Talent by Unlocking Resources for Education Act or the FUTURE Act This bill extends through FY2021 and revises mandatory funding programs for historically black colleges and universities and other minority-serving institutions, including by allocating a portion of the funding for grants to predominantly black institutions for programs in (1) science, technology, engineering, or mathematics; (2) health education; (3) internationalization or globalization; (4) teacher preparation; or (5) improving educational outcomes of African-American males.

Tracked Bill

FUTURE Act

H.R. 2486 • 116th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 29Scorecards: 29Explainers: 3

Legislative Movement

HBCU Endowment and Tuition Reparations Act

Education • High • Idea

Action Date

Sep 17, 2019

HighHouseIntroducedH.R. 2486

Latest Action

Motion to reconsider laid on the table Agreed to without objection.

Fostering Undergraduate Talent by Unlocking Resources for Education Act or the FUTURE Act This bill extends through FY2021 and revises mandatory funding programs for historically black colleges and universities and other minority-serving institutions, including by allocating a portion of the funding for grants to predominantly black institutions for programs in (1) science, technology, engineering, or mathematics; (2) health education; (3) internationalization or globalization; (4) teacher preparation; or (5) improving educational outcomes of African-American males.

Tracked Bill

FUTURE Act

H.R. 2486 • 116th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 29Scorecards: 29Explainers: 3

Legislative Movement

HBCU Endowment and Tuition Reparations Act

Education • High • Idea

Action Date

May 2, 2019

HighHouseIntroducedH.R. 2486

Latest Action

Introduced in House

Fostering Undergraduate Talent by Unlocking Resources for Education Act or the FUTURE Act This bill extends through FY2021 and revises mandatory funding programs for historically black colleges and universities and other minority-serving institutions, including by allocating a portion of the funding for grants to predominantly black institutions for programs in (1) science, technology, engineering, or mathematics; (2) health education; (3) internationalization or globalization; (4) teacher preparation; or (5) improving educational outcomes of African-American males.

Tracked Bill

FUTURE Act

H.R. 2486 • 116th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 29Scorecards: 29Explainers: 3

Legislative Movement

HBCU Endowment and Tuition Reparations Act

Education • High • Idea

Action Date

May 2, 2019

HighHouseIntroducedH.R. 2486

Latest Action

Introduced in House

Fostering Undergraduate Talent by Unlocking Resources for Education Act or the FUTURE Act This bill extends through FY2021 and revises mandatory funding programs for historically black colleges and universities and other minority-serving institutions, including by allocating a portion of the funding for grants to predominantly black institutions for programs in (1) science, technology, engineering, or mathematics; (2) health education; (3) internationalization or globalization; (4) teacher preparation; or (5) improving educational outcomes of African-American males.

Tracked Bill

FUTURE Act

H.R. 2486 • 116th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 29Scorecards: 29Explainers: 3

Legislative Movement

HBCU Endowment and Tuition Reparations Act

Education • High • Idea

Action Date

May 2, 2019

HighHouseIntroducedH.R. 2486

Latest Action

Referred to the House Committee on Education and Labor.

Fostering Undergraduate Talent by Unlocking Resources for Education Act or the FUTURE Act This bill extends through FY2021 and revises mandatory funding programs for historically black colleges and universities and other minority-serving institutions, including by allocating a portion of the funding for grants to predominantly black institutions for programs in (1) science, technology, engineering, or mathematics; (2) health education; (3) internationalization or globalization; (4) teacher preparation; or (5) improving educational outcomes of African-American males.

Tracked Bill

FUTURE Act

H.R. 2486 • 116th Congress • Federal

Sponsors: 29Scorecards: 29Explainers: 3