Reduced sentencing disparity between crack and powder cocaine offenses.
Policy Database
Policies
Browse laws, court cases, executive actions, and major policy decisions in the dataset. Use search, filters, and sorting to narrow by title, topic, party, era, category, direct Black impact, bipartisan status, impact direction, and year range.
Search and Filter Policies
Search by policy title or keyword, then narrow the dataset with filters and sorting.
Showing 101-120 of 129 policies
Page 6 of 7
2010 • Law • Democratic Party
Contemporary Era • Barack Obama
Impact Score: 28
Reduced the federal sentencing disparity between crack and powder cocaine offenses.
2010 • Program • Democratic Party
Contemporary Era • Barack Obama
Impact Score: 32
Established a federal evidence-based home visiting program for pregnant women and families with young children in communities facing greater barriers and health risks.
2010 • Law • Democratic Party
Contemporary Era • Barack Obama
Impact Score: 35
Expanded Medicaid, created insurance marketplaces, prohibited many coverage denials, and widened subsidized access to health insurance.
2013 • Court Case • Judicial Branch
Contemporary Era • Barack Obama
Impact Score: 40
Supreme Court decision that invalidated the coverage formula used for federal preclearance under the Voting Rights Act.
2015 • Law • Democratic Party
Contemporary Era • Barack Obama
Impact Score: 25
Replaced No Child Left Behind and returned more control to states.
2015 • Agency Action • Democratic Party
Contemporary Era • Barack Obama
Impact Score: 28
HUD issued a final rule to give jurisdictions receiving HUD funds clearer planning obligations, data tools, and procedures for meeting the Fair Housing Act's requirement to affirmatively further fair housing.
2015 • Court Case • Judicial Branch
Contemporary Era • Barack Obama
Impact Score: 35
The Supreme Court held that disparate-impact claims are cognizable under the Fair Housing Act, preserving an important tool for challenging facially neutral housing policies with discriminatory effects.
2017 • Law • Republican Party
Contemporary Era • Donald J. Trump
Impact Score: 32
Updated and expanded GI Bill benefits, including changes affecting housing, school closures, reserve eligibility, and the elimination of benefit expiration for many Post-9/11 GI Bill users.
Bipartisan criminal justice reform law that reduced some federal sentencing disparities and expanded earned-time credits.
Permanently funded mandatory federal support for HBCUs and other minority-serving institutions.
2020 • Law • Democratic Party
Contemporary Era • Donald J. Trump
Impact Score: 27
Would have established a specific federal criminal civil-rights violation for lynching, reviving a reform Congress had failed to enact for more than a century.
2020 • Agency Action • Republican Party
Contemporary Era • Donald J. Trump
Impact Score: 21
HUD terminated the 2015 Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing regulation, ending the structured Assessment of Fair Housing framework that had required localities and housing agencies to use data and planning tools tied to segregation and opportunity gaps.
2020 • Law • Democratic Party
Contemporary Era • Donald J. Trump
Impact Score: 29
Would have imposed federal policing standards and expanded accountability measures on issues including use of force, chokeholds, no-knock warrants, data collection, and officer misconduct.
2021 • Law • Democratic Party
Contemporary Era • Joseph R. Biden Jr.
Impact Score: 28
Pandemic relief law that included the expanded Child Tax Credit, direct payments, and other anti-poverty measures.
2021 • Law • Democratic Party
Contemporary Era • Joseph R. Biden Jr.
Impact Score: 31
Appropriated funding for USDA to pay certain outstanding direct and guaranteed farm loan balances for socially disadvantaged farmers and ranchers as a response to the cumulative effects of discriminatory lending and program administration.
2021 • Court Case • Judicial Branch
Contemporary Era • Joseph R. Biden Jr.
Impact Score: 27
The Supreme Court upheld Arizona voting restrictions and adopted a narrower interpretation of Section 2 of the Voting Rights Act.
2021 • Law • Democratic Party
Contemporary Era • Joseph R. Biden Jr.
Impact Score: 25
Would have eliminated the qualified immunity defense in civil rights actions, making it easier to hold state actors personally liable for constitutional violations.
2021 • Executive Order • Democratic Party
Contemporary Era • Joseph R. Biden Jr.
Impact Score: 27
Directed federal agencies to assess whether programs and policies perpetuated systemic barriers for underserved communities.
2021 • Law • Democratic Party
Contemporary Era • Joseph R. Biden Jr.
Impact Score: 32
A proposed federal voting-rights and election-administration bill designed to expand ballot access, limit partisan gerrymandering, and strengthen election protections.
