Griggs v. Duke Power Company
This page analyzes a single policy using structured scoring, historical evidence, source quality, and measurable outcomes.
Summary
The Supreme Court held that Title VII prohibits employment practices that are facially neutral but have a discriminatory impact unless the employer can show business necessity.
How to Read This Record
Impact Reading
Very high documented impact
Evidence Base
Strong evidence from Government, Archive sources.
Data Completeness
Good record with 4 sources and 0 metrics.
Outcome Summary
The decision became a foundational precedent against employment screening rules that disproportionately excluded Black workers without sufficient justification.
Categories
Impact Scores
This score is a structured measure of how directly and materially this policy affected Black communities, weighted by evidence, durability, and equity. Harm offset reduces the total score.
Total Impact Score
35
Directness
4
How explicitly the policy targeted or affected Black communities.
Material Impact
4
The practical real-world effect on conditions, rights, or outcomes.
Evidence
5
Strength of sourcing and historical support for the assessment.
Durability
4
How lasting the effects of the policy were over time.
Equity
5
Whether the policy advanced fairness, inclusion, or equal access.
Harm Offset
0
Any offsetting harms, limitations, exclusions, or contradictory effects that reduce the total.
Scoring Notes: Landmark employment discrimination case under Title VII.
Metrics
No metrics added yet.
Suggested Relationships
These policies may be related based on shared categories, era, and proximity in time.
1978 • Executive Order • Democratic Party
Post Civil Rights Era • Positive
Shared Categories: 2 • Year Distance: 7
1972 • Law • Republican Party
Civil Rights Era • Positive
Shared Categories: 2 • Year Distance: 1
1965 • Executive Order • Democratic Party
Civil Rights Era • Positive
Shared Categories: 2 • Year Distance: 6
1964 • Law • Democratic Party
Civil Rights Era • Positive
Shared Categories: 2 • Year Distance: 7
1961 • Executive Order • Democratic Party
Civil Rights Era • Positive
Shared Categories: 2 • Year Distance: 10
1991 • Law • Republican Party
Contemporary Era • Positive
Shared Categories: 2 • Year Distance: 20
1941 • Executive Order • Democratic Party
Jim Crow and Disenfranchisement • Positive
Shared Categories: 2 • Year Distance: 30
1971 • Court Case • Unknown party
Post Civil Rights Era • Positive
Shared Categories: 1 • Year Distance: 0
Sources
Griggs v. Duke Power Company, 401 U.S. 424 (1971)
Oyez • Archive
Published: Mar 8, 1971
Primary decision summary and case record
View sourceGriggs v. Duke Power Co.
Supreme Court / Justia • Government
Opinion page for the 1971 decision holding that facially neutral employment practices that disproportionately exclude minority applicants and are not job related may violate Title VII.
View sourceLabor & Employment Supreme Court Cases
Justia • Other
Justia topic page summarizing Griggs as a key employment discrimination case involving disparate impact.
View sourceAlbemarle Paper Co. v. Moody
Supreme Court / Justia • Government
Later Supreme Court opinion discussing Griggs and reinforcing the rule against discriminatory employment tests lacking demonstrable job relevance.
View source